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Cite this workEdgeworth, Maria. Castle Rackrent, 1800. Northeastern University Women Writers Project, 17 June 2020. https://www.wwp.northeastern.edu/texts/edgeworth.rackrent.html.
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Title
Castle Rackrent, An Hibernian Tale
Author
Edgeworth, Maria
Published
London, 1800, by:
Johnson, Joseph
Pages transcribed
230
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π1r

Castle Rackrent.


An
Hibernian Tale.

π1v π2r

Castle Rackrent,

[Gap in transcription—omitted1 letter]

An
Hibernian Tale.

Taken from Facts,
and from
The Manners of the Irish Squires,
Before the year 17821782.

Printed for J. Johnson, St. Paul’s Churchyard
18001800.
By J. Crowder, Warwick-square.

π2v a1r

Preface.

The prevailing taste of the public
for anecdote has been censured and
ridiculed by critics, who aspire to the
character of superior wisdom: but
if we consider it in a proper point of
view, this taste is an incontestible
proof of the good sense and profoundly
philosophic temper of the present
times. Of the numbers who study,
or at least who read history, how
few derive any advantage from their
labors! The heroes of history are
so decked out by the fine fancy of the a pro- a1v ii
professed historian; they talk in such
measured prose, and act from such
sublime or such diabolical motives,
that few have sufficient taste, wickedness
or heroism, to sympathize in
their fate. Besides, there is much
uncertainty even in the best authenticated
antient or modern histories; and
that love of truth, which in some minds
is innate and immutable, necessarily
leads to a love of secret memoirs and
private anecdotes. We cannot judge
either of the feelings or of the characters
of men with perfect accuracy
from their actions or their appearance
in public; it is from their careless
conversations, their half finished
sentences, that we may hope with the a2r iii
the greatest probability of success to
discover their real characters. The
life of a great or of a little man
written by himself, the familiar letters,
the diary of any individual published
by his friends, or by his enemies
after his decease, are esteemed
important literary curiosities. We
are surely justified in this eager
desire to collect the most minute
facts relative to the domestic lives,
not only of the great and good, but
even of the worthless and insignificant,
since it is only by a comparison
of their actual happiness or misery
in the privacy of domestic life, that
we can form a just estimate of the
real reward of virtue, or the real a2 punishment a2v iv
punishment of vice. That the great
are not as happy as they seem, that
the external circumstances of fortune
and rank do not constitute felicity,
is asserted by every moralist; the
historian can seldom, consistently
with his dignity, pause to illustrate
this truth, it is therefore to the biographer
we must have recourse. After
we have beheld splendid characters
playing their parts on the great theatre
of the world, with all the advantages
of stage effect and decoration, we
anxiously beg to be admitted behind
the scenes, that we may take a nearer
view of the actors and actresses.

Some may perhaps imagine, that
the value of biography depends upon the a3r v
the judgment and taste of the biographer;
but on the contrary it may be maintained,
that the merits of a biographer
are inversely as the extent of
his intellectual powers and of his literary
talents. A plain unvarnished
tale is preferable to the most highly
ornamented narrative. Where we
see that a man has the power, we
may naturally suspect that he has the
will to deceive us, and those who
are used to literary manufacture know
how much is often sacrificed to the
rounding of a period or the pointing
an antithesis.

That the ignorant may have their
prejudices as well as the learned cannot
be disputed, but we see and despisea3 spise a3v vi
vulgar errors; we never bow to
the authority of him who has no great
name to sanction his absurdities.
The partiality which blinds a biographer
to the defects of his hero, in
proportion as it is gross ceases to be
dangerous; but if it be concealed by
the appearance of candor, which
men of great abilities best know how
to assume, it endangers our judgment
sometimes, and sometimes our morals.
If her Grace the Duchess of
Newcastle
, instead of penning her
lord’s elaborate eulogium, had undertaken
to write the life of Savage, we
should not have been in any danger
of mistaking an idle, ungrateful libertine,
for a man of genius and virtue.tue. a4r vii
The talents of a biographer are
often fatal to his reader. For these
reasons the public often judiciously
countenances those, who without sagacity
to discriminate character, without
elegance of style to relieve the
tediousness of narrative, without enlargement
of mind to draw any conclusions
from the facts they relate,
simply pour forth anecdotes and retail
conversations, with all the minute
prolixity of a gossip in a country
town.

The author of the following memoirs
has upon these grounds fair
claims to the public favor and attention:
he was an illiterate old steward,
whose partiality to the family in which a4 he a4v viii
he was bred and born must be obvious
to the reader. He tells the
history of the Rackrent family in his
vernacular idiom, and in the full
confidence that Sir Patrick, Sir Murtagh,
Sir Kitt, and Sir Condy Rackrent’s
affairs, will be as interesting
to all the world as they were to himself.
Those who were acquainted
with the manners of a certain class
of the gentry of Ireland some years
ago, will want no evidence of the
truth of honest Thady’s narrative:
to those who are totally unacquainted
with Ireland, the following Memoirs
will perhaps be scarcely intelligible,
or probably they may appear perfectly
incredible. For the informationtion a5r ix
of the ignorant English reader a
few notes have been subjoined by the
editor, and he had it once in contemplation
to translate the language of
Thady into plain English; but Thady’s
idiom is incapable of translation,
and besides, the authenticity of his
story would have been more exposed
to doubt if it were not told in his
own characteristic manner. Several
years ago he related to the editor the
history of the Rackrent family, and
it was with some difficulty that he
was persuaded to have it committed
to writing; however, his feelings for
“the honor of the family,” as he expressed
himself, prevailed over his
habitual laziness, and he at length com- a5v x
completed the narrative which is
now laid before the public.

The Editor hopes his readers will
observe, that these are “tales of
other times;”
that the manners depicted
in the following pages are
not those of the present age: the
race of the Rackrents has long since
been extinct in Ireland, and the
drunken Sir Patrick, the litigious Sir
Murtagh
, the fighting Sir Kitt, and
the slovenly Sir Condy, are characters
which could no more be met
with at present in Ireland, than
Squire Western or Parson Trulliber
in England. There is a time when
individuals can bear to be rallied for
their past follies and absurdities, after they a6r xi
they have acquired new habits and a
new consciousness. Nations as well
as individuals gradually lose attachment
to their identity, and the present
generation is amused rather than
offended by the ridicule that is thrown
upon their ancestors.

Probably we shall soon have it in
our power, in a hundred instances,
to verify the truth of these observations.

When Ireland loses her identity
by an union with Great Britain, she
will look back with a smile of good-
humoured complacency on the Sir
Kitts
and Sir Condys of her former
existence.

a6v [Gap in transcription—1 pageflawed-reproduction] a7r

Advertisement
to the
English Reader.

Some friends who have seen
Thady’s history since it has been printed
avehave suggested to the Editor, that many
of the terms and idiomatic phrases with
which it abounds could not be intelligible
to the English reader without farther explanation.
The Editor has therefore furnished
the following Glossary.

a7v [Gap in transcription—1 pageflawed-reproduction] a8r

Glossary.

Page 1. “Monday morning.”

Thady begins
his Memoirs of the Rackrent Family by
dating Monday morning, because no great undertaking
can be auspiciously commenced in Ireland
on any morning but Monday morning.—“Oh,
please God we live till Monday morning, we’ll
set the slater to mend the roof of the house—
On Monday morning we’ll see and begin
mowing—On Monday morning, please your
honor, we’ll begin and dig the potatoes,”
&c.

All the intermediate days between the making
of such speeches and the ensuing Monday are
wasted, and when Monday morning comes it is
ten to one that the business is deferred to the next
Monday morning. The Editor knew a gentleman
who, to counteract this prejudice, made his workmen a8v xvi
workmen and laborers begin all new pieces of
work upon a Saturday.

Page 6. “Let alone the three kingdoms itself.”

Let alone, in this sentence, means put out of the
consideration
. This phrase let alone, which is
now used as the imperative of a verb, may in
time become a conjunction, and may exercise
the ingenuity of some future etymologist. The
celebrated Horne Tooke has proved most satisfactorily,
that the conjunction “but” comes from
the imperative of the Anglo-Saxon verb (beonutan)
to be out; also that “if” comes from gif, the
imperative of the Anglo-Saxon verb which signifies
to give, &c. &c.

Page 10. “Whillaluh.”

—Ullaloo, Gol, or lamentation
over the dead— “Magnoque ululante tumultu.” Virgil. “Ululatibus omne Implevere nemus.” Ovid.
A full account of the Irish “Gol” or “Ullaloo”, and
of the Caoinan or Irish funeral song, with its
first semichorus, second semichorus, full chorus
of sighs and groans, together with the Irish
words and music, may be found in the fourth volume b1r xvii
volume of the Transactions of the Royal Irish
Academy
. For the advantage of lazy readers,
who would rather read a page than walk a
yard, and from compassion, not to say sympathy
with their infirmity, the Editor transcribes
the following passages.

“The Irish have been always remarkable for
their funeral lamentations, and this peculiarity
has been noticed by almost every traveller who
visited them. And it seems derived from their
Celtic ancestors, the primæval inhabitants of
this isle.”
* * * *

“It has been affirmed of the Irish, that to cry
was more natural to them than to any other
nation, and at length the Irish cry became
proverbial.”
* * * *

“Cambrensis in the twelfth century says, the
Irish then musically expressed their griefs;
that is, they applied the musical art, in which
they excelled all others, to the orderly celebration
of funeral obsequies, by dividing the
mournes into two bodies, each alternately
singing their part, and the whole at times
joining in full chorus. * * * * * *
The body of the deceased, dressed in grave
clothes and ornamented with flowers, was
placed on a bier or some elevated spot. The b relations b1v xviii
relations and Keeners (singing mourners) ranged
themselves in two divisions, one at the
head and the other at the feet of the corpse.
The bards and croteries had before prepared
the funeral Caoinan. The chief bard of the
head chorus began by singing the first stanza
in a low, doleful tone, which was softly accompanied
by the harp: at the conclusion the
foot semichorus began the lamentation, or Ullaloo,
from the final note of the preceding
stanza, in which they were answered by the
head semichorus; then both united in one general
chorus. The chorus of the first stanza
being ended, the chief bard of the food semichorus
began the second Gol or lamentation,
in which they were answered by that of the
foot, and then as before both united in the
general full chorus. Thus alternately were
the song and chorusses performed during the
night. The genealogy, rank, possessions,
the virtues and vices of the dead were rehearsed,
and a number of interrogations were addressed
to the deceased: as, Why did he die?
If married, whether his wife was faithful to
him, his sons dutiful, or good hunters or warriors?
If a woman, whether her daughters
were fair or chaste? If a young man, whether“ther b2r xix
he had been crossed in love? or if the
blue-eyed maids of Erin treated him with
scorn?”

We are told that formerly the feet (the metrical
feet) of the Caoinan were much attended
to, but on the decline of the Irish bards these
feet were gradually neglected, the Caoinan fell
into a sort of slip-shod metre amongst women.
Each province had different Caoinans, or at least
different imitations of the original. There was
the Munster cry, the Ulster cry, &c. It became
an extempore performance, and every set of
Keeners varied the melody according to their
own fancy.

It is curious to observe how customs and ceremonies
degenerate. The present Irish cry or
howl cannot boast of much melody, nor is the
funeral procession conducted with much dignity.
The crowd of people who assemble at these funerals
sometimes amounts to a thousand, often
to four or five hundred. They gather as the
bearers of the hearse proceed on their way, and
when they pass through any village, or when
they come near any houses, they begin to cry—
“Oh! Oh! Oh! Oh! Oh! Agh! Agh!” raising
their notes from the first “Oh!” to the last “Agh!”
in a kind of mournful howl. This gives notice b2 to b2v xx
to the inhabitants of the village that a funeral is
passing
, and immediately they flock out to follow
it. In the province of Munster it is a common
thing for the women to follow a funeral, to join
in the universal cry with all their might and
main for some time, and then to turn and ask—
“Arrah! who is it that’s dead?—who is it
we’re crying for?”
—Even the poorest people
have their own burying-places, that is, spots of
ground in the church-yards, where they say that
their ancestors have been buried ever since the
wars of Ireland: and if these burial-places are
ten miles from the place where a man dies, his
friends and neighbours take care to carry his
corpse thither. Always one priest, often five or
six priests attend these funerals; each priest repeats
a mass, for which he is paid sometimes a
shilling, sometimes half a crown, sometimes
half a guinea, or a guinea, according to the circumstances,
or as they say, according to the
ability of the deceased. After the burial of any
very poor man who has left a widow or children,
the priest makes what is called a collection for the
widow; he goes round to every person present,
and each contributes sixpence or a shilling, or
what they please. The reader will find in the note b3r xxi
note upon the word “Wake” more particulars respecting
the conclusion of the Irish funerals.

Certain old women, who cry particularly loud
and well, are in great request, and, as a man
said to the Editor, “Every one would wish and
be proud to have such at his funeral, or at
that of his friends.”
The lower Irish are wonderfully
eager to attend the funerals of their
friends and relations, and they make their relationships
branch out to a great extent. The
proof that a poor man has been well beloved
during his life, is his having a crowded funeral.
To attend a neighbour’s funeral is a cheap proof
of humanity, but it does not, as some imagine,
cost nothing. The time spent in attending funerals
may be safely valued at half a million
to the Irish nation: the Editor thinks that double
that sum would not be too high an estimate.
The habits of profligacy and drunkenness which
are acquired at wakes are here put out of the
question. When a labourer, a carpenter, or a
smith is not at his work, which frequently happens,
ask where he is gone, and ten to one the
answer is—“Oh faith, please your honor, he
couldn’t do a stroke to-day, for he’s gone to
the funeral.”

b3 Even b3v xxii

Even beggars, when they grow old, go about
begging for their own funerals; that is, begging
for money to buy a coffin, candles, pipes and
tobacco.—For the use of the candles, pipes and
tobacco, see Wake.

Those who value customs in proportion to
their antiquity, and nations in proportion to
their adherence to antient customs, will doubtless
admire the Irish Ullaloo, and the Irish nation,
for persevering in this usage from time
immemorial. The Editor, however, has observed
some alarming symptoms, which seem to
prognosticate the declining taste for the Ullaloo
in Ireland. In a comic theatrical entertainment
represented not long since on the Dublin stage,
a chorus of old women was introduced, who set
up the Irish howl round the relics of a physician,
who is supposed to have fallen under the wooden
sword of Harlequin. After the old women have
continued the Ullaloo for a decent time, with
all the necessary accompaniments of wringing
their hands, wiping or rubbing their eyes with
the corners of their gowns or aprons, &c. one
of the mourners suddenly suspends her lamentable
cries, and turning to her neighbour, asks—
“Arrah now, honey, who is it we’re crying
for?”

Page b4r xxiii
Page 12. “The tenants were sent away without
their whiskey.”

—It is usual with some landlords to
give their inferior tenants a glass of whiskey
when they pay their rents. Thady calls it their
whiskey; not that the whiskey is actually the
property of the tenants, but that it becomes their
right, after it has been often given to them. In
this general mode of reasoning respecting rights,
the lower Irish are not singular, but they are
peculiarly quick and tenacious in claiming these
rights.—“Last year your honor gave me some
straw for the roof of my house, and I expect
your honor will be after doing the same this
year.”
—In this manner gifts are frequently
turned into tributes. The high and low are not
always dissimilar in their habits. It is said that
the Sublime Ottoman Porte is very apt to claim
gifts as tributes: thus it is dangerous to send the
Grand Seignor a fine horse on his birth-day one
year, lest on his next birth-day he should expect
a similar present, and should proceed to demonstrate
the reasonableness of his expectations.

Page 12. “He demeaned himself greatly”

Means,
he lowered, or disgraced himself much.

Page 15. “Duty fowls—and duty turkies—and b4 duty b4v xxiv
duty geese.”

—In many leases in Ireland, tenants
were formerly bound to supply an inordinate
quantity of poultry to their landlords. The
Editor knew of thirty turkies being reserved in
one lease of a small farm.

Page 16. “English tenants.”

An English tenant
does not mean a tenant who is an Englishman,
but a tenant who pays his rent the day that
it is due.
It is a common prejudice in Ireland,
amongst the poorer classes of people, to believe
that all tenants in England pay their rents on the
very day when they become due. An Irishman,
when he goes to take a farm, if he wants to
prove to his landlord that he is a substantial man,
offers to become an English tenant. If a tenant
disobliges his landlord by voting against him, or
against his opinion, at an election, the tenant is
immediately informed by the agent that he must
become an English tenant. This threat does not
imply that he is to change his language or his
country, but that he must pay all the arrear of
rent which he owes, and that he must thenceforward
pay his rent on the day when it becomes
due.

Page 16. “Canting.”

Does not mean talking or writing b5r xxv
writing hypocritical nonsense, but selling substantially
by auction.

Page 16Page 17. “Duty work.”

—It was formerly common
in Ireland to insert clauses in leases, binding
tenants to furnish their landlords with laborers
and horses for several days in the year.
Much petty tyranny and oppression have resulted
from this feudal custom. Whenever a poor
man disobliged his landlord, the agent sent to
him for his duty work, and Thady does not exaggerate
when he says, that the tenants were
often called from their own work to do that of
their landlord. Thus the very means of earning
their rent were taken from them: whilst
they were getting home their landlord’s harvest,
their own was often ruined, and yet their rents
were expected to be paid as punctually as if their
time had been at their own disposal. This appears
the height of absurd injustice.

In Esthonia, amongst the poor Sclavonian race
of peasant slaves, they pay tributes to their lords,
not under the name of duty work, duty geese,
duty turkies, &c. but under the name of “righteousnesses.”
The following ballad is a curious specimen
of Esthonian poetry: “This b5v xxvi “This is the cause that the country is ruined, And the straw of the thatch is eaten away, The gentry are come to live in the land— Chimneys between the village, And the proprietor upon the white floor! The sheep brings forth a lamb with a white forehead;
This is paid to the lord for a righteousness sheep. The sow farrows pigs, They go to the spit of the lord. The hen lays eggs, They go into the lord’s frying-pan. The cow drops a male calf, That goes into the lord’s herd as a bull. The mare foals a horse foal, That must be for my lord’s nag. The boor’s wife has sons, They must go to look after my lord’s poultry.”

Page 19. “Out of forty-nine suits which he had,
he never lost one—but seventeen.”

Thady’s language
in this instance is a specimen of a mode of
rhetoric common in Ireland. An astonishing
assertion is made in the beginning of a sentence,
which ceases to be in the least surprizing when
you hear the qualifying explanation that follows.
Thus a man who is in the last stage of staggering
drunkenness will, if he can articulate, swear
to you—“Upon his conscience now (and may “he b6r xxvii
he never stir from the spot alive if he is telling
a lie) upon his conscience he has not
tasted a drop of any thing, good or bad, since
morning at-all-at-all—but half a pint of whiskey,
please your honor.”

Page 20. “Fairy Mounts”

Barrows. It is
said that these high mounts were of great service
to the natives of Ireland, when Ireland was invaded
by the Danes. Watch was always kept
on them, and upon the approach of an enemy
a fire was lighted to give notice to the next
watch, and thus the intelligence was quickly
communicated through the country. Some years
ago
, the common people believed that these
Barrows were inhabited by fairies, or as they
call them, by the good people.—“Oh troth,
to the best of my belief, and to the best of
my judgement and opinion,”
(said an elderly
man to the Editor) “it was only the old people
that had nothing to do, and got together and
were telling stories about them fairies, but to the
best of my judgment there’s nothing in it.—
Only this I heard myself not very many years
back, from a decent kind of a man, a grazier,
that as he was coming just fair and easy (quietly)
from the fair, with some cattle and sheep that he
had not sold, just at the church of ―, at an b6v xxviii
an angle of the road like, he was met by a good
looking man, who asked him where was he
going? And he answered, ‘Oh, far enough, I
must be going all night.’
‘No, that you
mustn’t not won’t’
(says the man), ‘you’ll sleep
with me the night, and you’ll want for nothing,
nor your cattle nor sheep neither, nor your beast
(horse); so come along with me.’
—With that
the grazier lit (alighted) from his horse, and it
was dark night; but presently he finds himself,
he does not know in the wide world how, in a
fine house, and plenty of every thing to eat and
drink—nothing at all wanting that he could wish
for or think of—And he does not mind (recollect,
or know)
how at last he falls asleep; and in the
morning he finds himself lying, not in ever a
bed or a house at all, but just in the angle of the
road where first he met the strange man: there
he finds himself lying on his back on the grass,
and all his sheep feeding as quiet as ever all
round about him, and his horse the same way,
and the bridle of the beast over his wrist. And
I asked him what he thought of it, and from first
to last he could think of nothing but for certain
sure it must have been the fairies that entertained
him so well. For there was no house to see
any where nigh hand, or any building, or barn, or b7r xxix
or place at all, but only the church and the mote,
(barrow). There’s another odd thing enough
that they tell about this same church, that if any
person’s corpse, that had not a right to be buried
in that church-yard, went to be burying there
in it, no not all the men, women, or childer in
all Ireland could get the corpse any way into the
church-yard; but as they would be trying to go
into the church-yard, their feet would seem to
be going backwards instead of forwards; aye,
continually backwards the whole funeral would
seem to go; and they would never set foot with
the corpse in the church-yard. Now they say,
that it is the fairies do all this; but it is my opinion
it is all idle talk, and people are after being
wiser now.”

The country people in Ireland certainly had
great admiration mixed with reverence, if not
dread of fairies. They believed, that beneath
these fairy mounts were spacious subterraneous
palaces inhabited by the good people, who must not
on any account be disturbed. When the wind
raises a little eddy of dust upon the road, the
poor people believe that it is raised by the fairies,
that it is a sign that they are journeying from
one of the fairy mounts to another, and they say
to the fairies, or to the dust as it passes—“God speed b7v xxx
speed ye, gentlemen, God speed ye.”
This
averts any evil that the good people might be inclined
to do them. There are innumerable stories
told of the friendly and unfriendly feats of
these busy fairies; some of these tales are ludicrous,
and some romantic enough for poetry.
It is a pity that poets should lose such convenient,
though diminutive machinery.—By the by,
Parnell, who shewed himself so deeply “skilled
of faerie lore,”
was an Irishman; and though he
has presented his faeries to the world in the ancient
English dress of “Britain’s Isle, and Arthur’s
days,”
it is possible that his first acquaintance
with them began in his native country.

Some remote origin for the most superstitious
or romantic popular illusions or vulgar errors
may often be discovered. In Ireland, the old
churches and church-yards have been usually
fixed upon as the scenes of wonders. Now the
antiquarians tell us, that near the ancient
churches in that kingdom caves of various constructions
have from time to time been discovered,
which were formerly used as granaries or
magazines by the ancient inhabitants, and as
places to which they retreated in time of danger.
There is ( p. 84 of the R. I. A. Transactions for 1789) b8r xxxi
17891789
) a particular account of a number of these artificial
caves at the West end of the church of Killossy,
in the county of Kildare. Under a rising
ground, in a dry sandy soil these subterraneous
dwellings were found: they have pediment roofs,
and they communicate with each other by small
apertures. In the Brehon laws these are mentioned,
and there are fines inflicted by those laws upon
persons who steal from the subterraneous granaries.
All these things shew, that there was a real
foundation for the stories which were told of the
appearance of lights and of the sounds of voices
near these places. The persons who had property
concealed there very willingly countenanced
every wonderful relation, that tended to
make these places objects of sacred awe or superstitious
terror.

Page 22. “Weed-ashes.”

—By antient usage in
Ireland, all the weeds on a farm belonged to the
farmer’s wife, or to the wife of the squire who
holds the ground in his own hands. The great
demand for alkaline salts in bleaching rendered
these ashes no inconsiderable perquisite.

Page 22. “Sealing-money.”

—Formerly it was the
custom in Ireland for tenants to give the squire’s
lady from two to fifty guineas as a perquisite
upon the sealing of their leases. The Editor not b8v xxxii
not very long since knew of a baronet’s lady
accepting fifty guineas as sealing money, upon
closing a bargain for a considerable farm.

Page 23. “Sir Murtagh grew mad.”

Sir Murtagh
grew angry.

“The whole kitchen was out on the stairs.”

Means
that all the inhabitants of the kitchen came out
of the kitchen and stood upon the stairs.
These,
and similar expressions, shew how much the
Irish are disposed to metaphor and amplification.

30. “Fining down the yearly rent.”

—When an
Irish gentleman, like Sir Kitt Rackrent, has
lived beyond his income, and finds himself
distressed for ready money, tenants obligingly
offer to take his land at a rent far below the value,
and to pay him a small sum of money in
hand, which they call fining down the yearly
rent
. The temptation of this ready cash often
blinds the landlord to his future interest.

Page 31. “Driver.”

—A man who is employed
to drive tenants for rent; that is, to drive the
cattle belonging to tenants to pound. The office
of driver is by no means a sinecure.

2 Page c1r xxxiii
Page 31. “I thought to make him a priest.”

—It
was customary amongst those of Thady’s rank,
in Ireland, whenever they could get a little money,
to send their sons abroad to St. Omer’s, or
to Spain, to be educated as priests. Now they
are educated at Minnouth. The Editor has
lately known a young lad, who began by being
a post-boy, afterwards turn into a carpenter;
then quit his plane and work-bench to study his
Humanities, as he said, at the college of Minnouth:
but after he had gone through his course
of Humanities, he determined to be a soldier
instead of a priest.

Page 37. “Flam.”

Short for flambeau.

Page 4041. “Barrack room.”

Formerly it was
customary, in gentlemen’s houses in Ireland, to
fit up one large bedchamber with a number of
beds for the reception of occasional visitors.
These rooms were called Barrack rooms.

Page 41. “An innocent”

in Ireland, means a
simpleton, an ideot.

Page 58. “The Curragh”

is the Newmarket of Ireland.

c Page c1v xxxiv
Page 58. “The Cant.”

The auction.

Page 68. “And so should cut him off for ever,
by levying a fine, and suffering a recovery to dock
the entail.”

—The English reader may perbapsperhaps be
surprised at the extent of Thady’s legal knowledge,
and at the fluency with which he pours
forth law terms; but almost every poor man in
Ireland, be he farmer, weaver, shopkeeper, or
steward, is, beside his other occupations, occasionally
a lawyer. The nature of processes,
ejectments, custodiams, injunctions, replevins,
&c. &c. are perfectly known to them, and the
terms as familiar to them as to any attorney.
They all love law. It is a kind of lottery, in
which every man, staking his own with or cunning
against his neighbour’s property, feels that
he has little to lose and much to gain.

“I’ll have the law of you, so I will!”—is
the saying of an Englishman who expects justice.
“I’ll have you before his honor”—is the
threat of an Irishman who hopes for partiality.
Miserable is the life of a justice of the peace in
Ireland the day after a fair, especially if he resides
near a small town. The multitude of the
kilt (kilt does not mean “killed”, but hurt) and
wounded who come before his honor with black eyes c2r xxxv
eyes or bloody heads is astonishing, but more
astonishing is the number of those, who, though
they are scarcely able by daily labour to procure
daily food, will nevertheless, without the least
reluctance, waste six or seven hours of the day
lounging in the yard or hall of a justice of the
peace, waiting to make some complaint about—
nothing. It is impossible to convince them that
time is money. They do not set any value upon
their own time, and they think that others estimate
theirs at less than nothing. Hence they
make no scruple of telling a justice of the peace
a story of an hour long about a tester (sixpence):
and if he grow impatient, they attribute it to
some secret prejudice which he entertains against
them.

Their method is to get a story completely by
heart, and to tell it, as they call it, out of the
face
, that is, from the beginning to the end,
without interruption.

“Well, my good friend, I have seen you
lounding about these three hours in the yard;
what is your business?”

“Please your honor, it is what I want to
speak one word to your honor.”

“Speak then, but be quick—What is the
matter?”

c2 “The c2v xxxvi

“The matter, please your honor, is nothing
at-all-at-all, only just about the grazing of a
horse, please your honor, that this man here sold
me at the fair of Gurtishannon last Shrove fair,
which lay down three times with myself, please
your honor, and kilt me; not to be telling your
honor of how, no later back than yesterday
night, he lay down in the house there within
and all the childer standing round, and it was
God’s mercy he did not fall a’-top of them, or
into the fire to burn himself. So please your
honor, to-day I took him back to this man,
which owned him, and after a great deal to do
I got the mare again I swopped (exchanged) him
for; but he wont’t pay the grazing of the horse
for the time I had him, though he promised to
pay the grazing in case the horse didn’t answer;
and he never did a day’s work, good or bad,
please your honor, all the time he was with me,
and I had the doctor to him five times, any how.
And so, please your honor, it is what I expect
your honor will stand my friend, for I’d sooner
come to your honor for justice than to any other
in all Ireland. And so I brought him here
before your honor, and expect your honor will
make him pay me the grazing, or tell me, can I pro- c3r xxxvii
I process him for it at the next assizes, please
your honor?”

The defendant now, turning a quid of tobacco
with his tongue into some secret cavern in his
mouth, begins his defence with—

“Please your honor, under favor, and saving
your honor’s presence, there’s not a word of
truth in all this man has been saying from beginning
to end, upon my conscience, and I
wouldn’t for the value of the horse itself, grazing
and all, be after telling your honor a lie.
For please your honor, I have a dependance upon
your honor that you’ll do me justice, and not be
listening to him or the like of him. Please your
honor, it’s what he has brought me before your
honor, because he had a spite against me about
some oats I sold your honor, which he was jealous
of, and a shawl his wife got at my shister’s
shop there without, and never paid for; so I
offered to set the shawl against the grazing, and
give him a receipt in full of all demands, but he
wouldn’t out of spite, please your honor; so he
brought me before your honor, expecting your
honor was mad with me for cutting down the
tree in the horse park, which was none of my
doing, please your honor—ill luck to them that
went and belied me to your honor behind my c3 back! c3v xxxviii
back!—So if your honor is pleasing, I’ll tell you
the whole truth about the horse that he swopped
against my mare, out of the face.—Last Shrove
fair I met this man, Jemmy Duffy, please your
honor, just at the corner of the road where the
bridge is broke down that your honor is to have
the presentment for this year—long life to you
for it!—And he was at that time coming from
the fair of Gurtishannon, and I the same way.
‘How are you, Jemmy?’ says I.—‘Very
well, I thank ye kindly, Bryan,’
says he;
‘shall we turn back to Paddy Salmon’s, and
take a naggin of whiskey to our better acquaintance?’
‘I don’t care if I did, Jemmy,’ says
I; ‘only it is what I can’t take the whiskey,
because I’m under an oath against it for a month.’

Ever since, please your honor, the day your honor
met me on the road, and observed to me I
could hardly stand I had taken so much—though
upon my conscience your honor wronged me
greatly that same time—ill luck to them that belied
me behind my back to your honor!—Well,
please your honor, as I was telling you, as he
was taking the whiskey, and we talking of one
thing or t’other, he makes me an offer to swop
his mare that he couldn’t sell at the fair of Gurtishannon,
because nobody would be troubled with c4r xxxix
with the beast, please your honor, against my
horse, and to oblige him I took the mare—sorrow
take her! and him along with her!—She
kicked me a new car, that was worth three
pounds ten, to tatters the first time ever I put
her into it, and I expect your honor will make
him pay me the price of the car, any how, before
I pay the grazing, which I’ve no right to pay at-
all-at-all, only to oblige him.—But I leave it all
to your honor—and the whole grazing he ought
to be charging for the beast is but two and eight-
pence half-penny, any how, please your honor.
So I’ll abide by what your honor says, good or
bad. I’ll leave it all to your honor.”

I’ll leave it all to your honor—literally means,
I’ll leave all the trouble to your honor.

The Editor knew a justice of the peace in
Ireland, who had such a dread of “having it all
left to his honor”
, that he frequently gave the complainants
the sum about which they were disputing
to make peace between them, and to get
rid of the trouble of hearing their stories out of
the face
. But he was soon cured of this method
of buying off disputes, by the increasing multitude
of those who, out of pure regard to his honor,
came “to get justice from him, because “they c4v xl
they would sooner come before him than before
any man in all Ireland.”

Page 97. “A raking pot of tea.”

—We should
observe, this custom has long since been banished
from the higher orders of Irish gentry. The
mysteries of a raking pot of tea, like those of the
Bona Dea, are supposed to be sacred to females,
but now and then it has happened that some of
the male species, who were either more audacious
or more highly favored than the rest of
their sex, have been admitted by stealth to these
orgies. The time when the festive ceremony
begins varies according to circumstances, but it
is never earlier than twelve o’clock at night;
the joys of a raking pot of tea depending on its
being made in secret, and at an unseasonable
hour. After a ball, when the more discreet part
of the company has departed to rest, a few chosen
female spirits, who have footed it till they can
foot it no longer, and till the sleepy notes expire
under the slurring hand of the musician, retire
to a bed-chamber, call the favorite maid, who
alone is admitted, bid her put down the kettle,
lock the door, and amidst as much giggling and
scrambling as possible, they get round a tea-
table, on which all manner of things are huddled together. c5r xli
together. Then begin mutual railleries and
mutual confidences amongst the young ladies,
and the faint scream and the loud laugh is heard,
and the romping for letters and pocket-books begins,
and gentlemen are called by their surnames,
or by the general name of fellows—pleasant fellows!
charming fellows! odious fellows! abominable
fellows!—and then all prudish decorums
are forgotten, and then we might be convinced
how much the satyrical poet was mistaken when
he said,
“There is no woman where there’s no reserve.”

The merit of the original idea of a raking pot
of tea evidently belongs to the washerwoman and
the laundry-maid. But why should not we have
Low life above stairs, as well as High life below
stairs
?

Page 105. “Carton, or half Carton.”

Thady
means cartron or half cartron. “According to
the old record in the black book of Dublin,
a cantred is said to contain 30 villatas terras,
which are also called quarters of land (quarterons,
cartrons
); every one of which quarters
must contain so much ground as will pasture
400 cows and 17 plough-lands. A knight’s fee c5v xlii
fee was composed of 8 hydes, which amount
to 160 acres, and that is generally deemed
about a plough-land.”

The Editor was favored by a learned friend
with the above Extract, from a MS. of Lord
Totness’s
in the Lambeth library.

Page 150. “Wake.”

—A wake, in England,
means a festival held upon the anniversary of the
Saint of the parish. At these wakes rustic games,
rustic conviviality, and rustic courtship, are
pursued with all the ardour and all the appetite,
which accompany such pleasures as occur but
seldom.—In Ireland a wake is a midnight meeting,
held professedly for the indulgence of holy
sorrow, but usually it is converted into orgies of
unholy joy. When an Irish man or woman of
the lower order dies, the straw which composed
his bed, whether it has been contained in a bag
to form a mattress, or simply spread upon the
earthen floor, is immediately taken out of the
house, and burned before the cabin door, the
family at the same time setting up the death
howl. The ears and eyes of the neighbours
being thus alarmed, they flock to the house of
the deceased, and by their vociferous sympathy excite c6r xliii
excite and at the same time sooth the sorrows of
the family.

It is curious to observe how good and bad are
mingled in human institutions. In countries
which were thinly inhabited, this custom prevented
private attempts against the lives of individuals,
and formed a kind of Coroner’s inquest
upon the body which had recently expired,
and burning the straw upon which the sick man
lay became a simple preservative against infection.
At night the dead body is waked, that is
to say, all the friends and neighbours of the deceased
collect in a barn or stable, where the
corpse is laid upon some boards, or an unhinged
door supported upon stools, the face exposed, the
rest of the body covered with a white sheet.
Round the body are stuck in brass candlesticks,
which have been borrowed perhaps at five miles
distance, as many candles as the poor person can
beg or borrow, observing always to have an odd
number. Pipes and tobacco are first distributed,
and then according to the ability of the deceased,
cakes and ale, and sometimes whiskey, are dealt
to the company. “Deal on, deal on, my merry men all, Deal on your cakes and your wine, For whatever is dealt at her funeral to-day Shall be dealt to-morrow at mine.” After c6v xliv
After a fit of uhiversaluniversal sorrow, and the comfort
of a universal dram, the scandal of the neighbourhood,
as in higher circles, occupy the company.
The young lads and lasses romp with
one another, and when the fathers and mothers
are at last overcome with sleep and whiskey,
(vino & somno) the youth become more enterprizing
and are frequently successful. It is said
that more matches are made at wakes than at
weddings.

Page 158. “Kilt.”

This word frequently occurs
in the following pages, where it means not
“killed”, but much hurt. In Ireland, not only
cowards, but the brave “die many times before
their death.”
There killing is no murder.

An B1r

An Hibernian Tale.

Having out of friendship for the
family, upon whose estate, praised be
Heaven! I and mine have lived rent free
time out of mind, voluntarily undertaken
to publish the Memoirs of the Rackrent
Family
, I think it my duty to say a few
words, in the first place, concerning myself.
—My real name is Thady Quirk,
though in the family I have always been
known by no other than “honest Thady”
—afterwards, in the time of Sir Murtagh,
deceased, I remember to hear them callingB ing B1v 2
me “old Thady”; and now I’m come
to “poor Thady”—for I wear a long
great coat winter and summer, which is B2r 3
is very handy, as I never put my arms into
the sleeves, (they are as good as new,) though B2 B2v 4
though, come Holantide next, I’ve had
it these seven years; it holds on by a
single button round my neck, cloak fashion
—to look at me, you would hardly
think “poor Thady” was the father of
attorney Quirk; he is a high gentleman,
and never minds what poor Thady says, and B3r 5
and having better than 1500 a-year,
landed estate, looks down upon honest
Thady, but I wash my hands of his doings,
and as I have lived so will I die,
true and loyal to the family.—The family
of the Rackrents is, I am proud to say,
one of the most ancient in the kingdom.—
Every body knows this is not the old family
name, which was O’Shaughlin, related
to the Kings of Ireland—but that
was before my time.—My grandfather
was driver to the great Sir Patrick O’Shaughlin,
and I heard him, when I was
a boy, telling how the Castle Rackrent
estate came to Sir PatrickSir Tallyhoo
Rackrent
was cousin-german to him, and
had a fine estate of his own, only never a
gate upon it, it being his maxim, that a
car was the best gate.—Poor gentleman!
he lost a fine hunder and his life, at last, B3 by B3v 6
by it, all in one day’s hunt.—But I ought
to bless that day, for the estate came
straight into the family, upon one condition,
which Sir Patrick O’Shaughlin at
the time took sadly to heart, they say, but
thought better of it afterwards, seeing
how large a stake depended upon it, that
he should, by Act of Parliament, take and
bear the sirname and arms of Rackrent.

Now it was that the world was to see
what was in Sir Patrick.—On coming into
the estate, he gave the finest entertainment
ever was heard of in the country—
not a man could stand after supper but
Sir Patrick himself, who could sit out the
best man in Ireland, let alone the three
kingdoms itself.—
He had his house, from
one year’s end to another, as full of company
as ever it could hold, and fuller;
for rather than be left out of the parties 3 at B4r 7
at Castle Rackrent, many gentlemen, and
those men of the first consequence and
landed estates in the country, such as the
O’Neills of Ballynagrotty, and the Castlemoneygawls
of Mount Juliet’s Town, and
O’Shannons of New Town Tullyhog, made
it their choice, often and often, when
there was no moon to be had for love or
money, in long winter nights, to sleep in
the chicken house, which Sir Patrick had
fitted up for the purpose of accommodating
his friends and the public in general,
who honoured him with their company
unexpectedly at Castle Rackrent; and
this went on, I can’t tell you how long—
the whole country rang with his praises—
Long life to him!—I’m sure I love to
look upon his picture, now opposite to
me; though I never saw him, he must
have been a portly gentleman—his neck B4 some- B4v 8
something short, and remarkable for the
largest pimple on his nose, which, by his
particular desire, is still extant in his picture
—said to be a striking likeness, though
taken when young.—He is said also to be
the inventor or raspberry whiskey, which
is very likely, as nobody has ever appeared
to dispute it with him, and as there still
exists a broken punch-bowl at Castle-
Stopgap
, in the garret, with an inscription
to that effect—a great curiosity.—A few
days before his death he was very merry;
it being his honour’s birth-day, he called
my great grandfather in, God bless him!
to drink the company’s health, and filled
a bumper himself, but could not carry it
to his head, on account of the great shake
in his hand—on this he cast his joke, saying,
“What would my poor father say to
me if he was to pop out of the grave, “and B5r 9
and seem me now?—I remember, when
I was a little boy, the first bumper of
claret he gave me after dinner, how he
praised me for carrying it so steady to
my mouth—Here’s my thanks to him—
a bumper toast”
—Then he fell to singing
the favorite song he learned from his
father—for the last time, poor gentleman
—he sung it that night as loud and hearty
as ever, with a chorus—
“‘He that goes to bed, and goes to bed sober, Falls as the leaves do, falls as the leaves do,
and dies in October
But he that goes to bed, and goes to bed
mellow,
Lives as he ought to do, lives as he ought
to do, and dies an honest fellow.’”

Sir Patrick died that night—just as the
company rose to drink his health with
three cheers, he fell down in a sort of a fit, B5v 10
fit, and was carried off—they sat it out,
and were surprised, on enquiry, in the
morning, to find it was all over with poor
Sir Patrick—Never did any gentleman live
and die more beloved in the country by
rich and poor—his funeral was such a one
as was never known before nor since in
the county!—All the gentlemen in the
three counties were at it—far and near,
how they flocked—my great grandfather
said, that to see all the women even in
their red cloaks, you would have taken
them for the army drawn out.—Then such
a fine whillaluh! you might have heard it
to the farthest end of the county, and happy
the man who could get but a sight of the
hearse!—But who’d have thought it, just
as all was going on right, through his own
town they were passing, when the body
was seized for debt—a rescue was apprehendedhended B6r 11
from the mob—but the heir who
attended the funeral was against that, for
fear of consequences, seeing that those
villains who came to serve acted under the
disguise of the law—So, to be sure, the
law must take its course—and little gain
had the creditors for their pains. First
and foremost, they had the curses of the
country; and Sir Murtagh Rackrent the
new heir, in the next place, on account
of this affront to the body, refused to pay
a shilling of the debts, in which he was
countenanced by all the best gentlemen
of property, and others of his acquaintance,
Sir Murtagh alledging in all companies,
that he all along meant to pay his
father’s debts of honor; but the moment
the law was taken of him, there was an
end of honor to be sure. It was whispered,
(but none but the enemies of the family B6v 12
family believe it) that this was all a sham
seizure to get quit of the debts, which he
had bound himself to pay in honor.

It’s a long time ago, there’s no saying
how it was, but this for certain, the new
man did not take at all after the old gentleman
—The cellars were never filled after
his death—and no open house, or any
thing as it used to be—the tenants even
were sent away without their whiskey—

I was ashamed myself, and knew not
what to say for the honor of the family—
But I made the best of a bad case, and
laid it all at my lady’s door, for I did not
like her any how, nor any body else—she
was of the family of the Skinflints, and a
widow—It was a strange match for Sir
Murtagh
; the people in the country
thought he demeaned himself greatly—
but I said nothing—I knew how it was— Sir B7r 13
Sir Murtagh was a great lawyer, and
looked to the great Skinflint estate; there,
however, he overshot himself; for though
one of the co-heiresses, he was never the
better for her, for she outlived him many’s
the long day—he could not forsee that,
to be sure, when he married her. I must
say for her, she made him the best of
wives, being a very notable stirring woman,
and looking close to every thing.
But I always suspected she had Scotch
blood in her veins, any thing else I could
have looked over in her from a regard to
the family. She was a strict observer for
self and servants of Lent, and all Fast
days, but not holidays. One of the maids
having fainted three times the last day of
Lent, to keep soul and body together we
put a morsel of roast beef into her mouth,
which came from Sir Murtagh’s dinner, who B7v 14
who never fasted, not he; but somehow
or other it unfortunately reached my lady’s
ears, and the priest of the parish had a
complaint made of it the next day, and
the poor girl was forced as soon as she
could walk to do penance for it, before
she could get any peace or absolution in
the house or out of it. However, my
lady was very charitable in her own way.
She had a charity school for poor children,
where they were taught to read and write
gratis, and where they were kept well to
spinning gratis for my lady in return; for
she had always heaps of duty yarn from
the tenants, and got all her houshold linen
out of the estate from first to last; for
after the spinning, the weavers on the
estate took it in hand for nothing, because
of the looms my lady’s interest
could get from the Linen Board to distributetribute B8r 15
gratis. Then there was a bleach
yard near us, and the tenant dare refuse
my lady nothing, for fear of a law-suit
Sir Murtagh kept hanging over him about
the water course. With these ways of
managing, ’tis surprising how cheap my
lady got things done, and how proud she
was of it. Her table the same way—
kept for next to nothing—duty fowls, and
duty turkies, and duty geese,
came as fast
as we could eat ’em, for my lady kept a
sharp look out, and knew to a tub of
butter every thing the tenants had, all
round. They knew her way, and what
with fear of driving for rent and Sir Murtagh’s
law-suits, they were kept in such
good order, they never thought of coming
near Castle Stopgap without a present
of something or other—nothing too much
or too little for my lady—eggs—honey —butter B8v 16
—butter—meal—fish—game, growse, and
herrings, fresh or salt—all went for something.
As for their young pigs, we had
them, and the best bacon and hams they
could make up, with all young chickens
in spring; but they were a set of poor
wretches, and we had nothing but misfortunes
with them, always breaking and
running away—This, Sir Murtagh and
my lady said, was all their former landlord
Sir Patrick’s fault, who let ’em all get
the half year’s rent into arrear—there was
something in that, to be sure—But Sir
Murtagh
was as much the contrary way—
For let alone making English tenants of
them, every soul―he was always driving
and driving, and pounding and pounding,
and canting and canting, and replevying
and replevying, and he made a good living
of trespassing cattle—there was alwaysways C1r 17
some tenant’s pig, or horse, or cow,
or calf, or goose, trespassing, which was
so great a gain to Sir Murtagh, that he did
not like to hear me talk of repairing fences.
Then his herriots and duty work brought
him in something—his turf was cut—his
potatoes set and dug—his hay brought
home, and in short all the work about
his house done for nothing; for in all our
leases there were strict clauses with heavy
penalties, which Sir Murtagh knew well
how to enforce—so many days duty work
of man and horse, from every tenant, he
was to have, and had, every year; and
when a man vexed him, why the finest
day he could pitch on, when the cratur
was getting in his own harvest, or thatching
his cabin, Sir Murtagh made it a
principle to call upon him and his horse—
so he taught ’em all, as he said, to know C the C1v 18
the law of landlord and tenant. As for
law, I believe no man, dead or alive,
ever loved it so well as Sir Murtagh.
He had once sixteen suits pending at a
time, and I never saw him so much himself
—roads—lanes—bogs—wells—ponds
—eel-wires—orchards—trees—tythes—
vagrants—gravel-pits—sandpits—dunghills
and nuisances—every thing upon
the face of the earth furnished him good
matter for a suit. He used to boast that
he had a law-suit for every letter in the
alphabet. How I used to wonder to
see Sir Murtagh in the midst of the papers
in his office—why he could hardly
turn about for them. I made bold to
shrug my shoulders once in his presence,
and thanked my stars I was not born a
gentleman to so much toil and trouble—
but Sir Murtagh took me up short with his old C2r 19
old proverb, “learning is better than
house or land.”
Out of forty-nine suits
which he had, he never lost one but seventeen;
the rest he gained with costs, double
costs, treble costs sometimes—but even
that did not pay. He was a very learned
man in the law, and had the character
of it; but how it was I can’t tell, these
suits that he carried cost him a power
of money—in the end he sold some hundreds
a year of the family estate—but he
was a very learned man in the law, and
I know nothing of the matter except having
a great regard for the family. I could
not help grieving when he sent me to post
up notices of the sale of the fee simple of
the lands and appurtenances of Timoleague.
“I know, honest Thady”, says
he to comfort me, “what I’m about
better than you do; I’m only selling to C2 “get C2v 20
get the ready money wanting, to carry
on my suit with spirit with the Nugents
of Carrickashaughlin”
.

He was very sanguine about that suit
with the Nugents of Carrickashaughlin.
He would have gained it, they say, for
certain, had it pleased Heaven to have
spared him to us, and it would have
been at the least a plump two thousand
a year in his way; but things were ordered
otherwise, for the best to be sure. He
dug up a fairy-mount against my advice, C3r 21
and had no luck afterwards. Though a
learned man in the law, he was a little
too incredulous in other matters. I warned
him that I heard the very Banshee that
my grandfather heard, before I was born
long, under Sir Patrick’s window a few
days before his death. But Sir Murtagh
thought nothing of the Banshee, nor of his
cough with a spitting of blood, brought
on, I understand, by catching cold in attending
the courts, and overstraining his
chest with the making himself heard in one C3 of C3v 22
of his favorite causes. He was a great
speaker, with a powerful voice; but his
last speech was not in the courts at all.
He and my lady, though both of the
same way of thinking in some things,
and though she was as good a wife and
great economist as you could see, and
he the best of husbands, as to looking
into his affairs, and making money for his
family; yet I don’t know how it was,
they had a great deal of sparring and jarring
between them.—My lady had her
privy purse—and she had her weed ashes,
and her sealing money upon the signing
of all the leases, with something to
buy gloves besides; and besides again
often took money from then tenants, if
offered properly, to speak for them to Sir
Murtagh
about abatements and renewals.
Now the weed ashes and the glove moneyney C4r 23
he allowed her clear perquisites;
though once when he saw her in a new
gown saved out of the weed ashes, he
told her to my face, (for he could say a
sharp thing) that she should not put on
her weeds before her husband’s death.
But it grew more serious when they came
to the renewal businesses. At last, in a
dispute about an abatement, my lady
would have the last word, and Sir Murtagh
grew mad;
I was within hearing
of the door, and now wish I had made
bold to step in. He spoke so loud, the
whole kitchen was out on the stairs—
All
on a sudden he stopped, and my lady
too. Something has surely happened,
thought I—and so it was, for Sir Murtagh
in his passion broke a blood-vessel,
and all the law in the land could do
nothing in that case. My lady sent for C4 five C4v 24
for five physicians, but Sir Murtagh died,
and was buried. She had a fine jointure
settled upon her, and took herself away
to the great joy of the tenantry. I never
said any thing, one way or the other,
whilst she was part of the family, but
got up to see her go at three o’clock in
the morning—“It’s a fine morning, honest
Thady,”
says she; “good bye to ye”
and into the carriage she stept, without a
word more, good or bad, or even half-
a-crown; but I made my bow, and stood
to see her safe out of sight for the sake of
the family.

Then we were all bustle in the house,
which made me keep out of the way,
for I walk slow and hate a bustle, but
the house was all hurry-skurry, preparing
for my new master.—Sir Murtagh, I forgotgot C5r 25
to notice, had no childer, so the
Rackrent estate went to his younger brother
—a young dashing officer—who came
amongst us before I knew for the life of
me whereabouts I was, in a gig or some
of them things, with another spark along
with him, and led horses, and servants,
and dogs, and scarce a place to put any
Christian of them into; for my late lady
had sent all the feather-beds off before
her, and blankets, and household linen,
down to the very knife cloths, on the
cars to Dublin, which were all her own,
lawfully paid for out of her own money—
So the house was quite bare, and my
young master, the moment ever he set
foot in it out of his gig, thought all those C5v 26
those things must come of themselves,
I believe, for he never looked after any
thing at all, but harum-scarum called for
every thing as if we were conjurers, or he
in a public-house. For my part, I could
not bestir myself any how; I had been
so used to my late master and mistress, all
was upside down with me, and the new
servants in the servants’ hall were quite
out of my way; I had nobody to talk
to, and if it had not been for my pipe
and tobacco should, I verily believe, have
broke my heart for poor Sir Murtagh.

But one morning my new master caught
a glimpse of me as I was looking at his
horse’s heels, in hopes of a word from
him—“and is that old Thady!” says he, as
he got into his gig—I loved him from that
day to this, his voice was so like the
family—and he threw me a guinea out of his C6r 27
his waistcoat pocket, as he drew up the
reins with the other hand, his horse rearing
too; I thought I never set my eyes
on a finer figure of a man—quite another
sort from Sir Murtagh, though withal
to me, a family likeness—A fine life we
should have led, had he stayed amongst
us, God bless him!—he valued a guinea
as little as any man—money to him was
no more than dirt, and his gentleman and
groom, and all belonging to him, the
same—but the sporting season over, he
grew tired of the place, and having got
down a great architect for the house, and
and improver for the grounds, and seen
their plans and elevations, he fixed a day
for settling with the tenants, but went off
in a whirlwind to town, just as some of
them came into the yard in the morning.
A circular letter came next post from the C6v 28
the new agent, with news that the master
was sailed for England, and he must remit
500l. to Bath for his use, before a fortnight
was at an end—Bad news still for
the poor tenants, no change still for the
better with them—Sir Kit Stopgap, my
young master, left all to the agent, and
though he had the spirit of a Prince, and
lived away to the honour of his country
abroad, which I was proud to hear of,
what were we the better for that at home?
The agent was one of your middle men, who C7r 29
who grind the face of the poor, and can
never bear a man with a hat upon his
head—he ferretted the tenants out of their C7v 30
their lives—not a week without a call
for money—drafts upon drafts from Sir
Kit
—but I laid it all to the fault of
the agent; for, says I, what can Sir Kit
do with so much cash, and he a single
man? but still it went.—Rents must be
all paid up to the day, and afore—no
allowance for improving tenants—no consideration
for those who had built upon
their farms—No sooner was a lease out,
but the land was advertised to the highest
bidder—all the old tenants turned
out, when they had spent their substance
in the hope and trust of a renewal from
the landlord.—All was now set at the
highest penny to a parcel of poor wretches
who meant to run away, and did so,
after taking two crops out of the ground.
Then fining down the year’s rent came
into fashion—any thing for the ready penny, C8r 31
penny, and with all this, and presents to
the agent and the driver, there was no
such thing as standing it—I said nothing,
for I had a regard for the family, but I
walked about, thinking if his honour Sir
Kitt
, (long may he live to reign over us!)
knew all this, it would go hard with
him, but he’d see us righted—not that I
had any thing for my own share to complain
of, for the agent was always very
civil to me, when he came down into
the country, and took a great deal of
notice of my son Jason.—Jason Quirk,
though he be my son, I must say, was a
good scholar from his birth, and a very
’cute lad—I thought to make him a
priest,
but he did better for himself—Seeing
how he was as good a clerk as any
in the country, the agent gave him his
rent accounts to copy, which he did first of C8v 32
of all for the pleasure of obliging the
gentleman, and would take nothing at all
for his trouble, but was always proud to
serve the family.—By and by, a good farm
bounding us to the east fell into his honour’s
hands, and my son put in a proposal
for it; why shouldn’t he as well
as another?—The proposals all went over
to the master at the Bath, who knowing
no more of the land than the child unborn,
only having once been out a groussing
on it before he went to England; and
the value of lands, as the agent informed
him, falling every year in Ireland, his honour
wrote over in all haste a bit of a letter,
saying he left it all to the agent, and
that he must set it as well as he could to
the best bidder, to be sure, and send him
over £200. by return of post: with this
the agent gave me a hint, and I spoke a good D1r 33
good word for my son, and gave out in
the country, that nobody need bid against
us.—So his proposal was just the thing,
and he a good tenant; and he got a promise
of an abatement in the rent, after
the first year, for advancing the half year’s
rent at signing the lease, which was
wanting to compleat the agent’s £200,
by the return of the post, with all which
my master wrote back he was well satisfied.
—About this time we learned from
the agent, as a great secret, how the money
went so fast, and the reason of the
thick coming of the master’s drafts: he
was a little too fond of play, and Bath,
they say, was no place for a young man
of his fortune, where there were so many
of his own countrymen too haunting
him up and down, day and night, who
had nothing to lose—at last, at Christmas,D mas, D1v 34
the agent wrote over to stop the
drafts, for he could raise no more money
on bond or mortgage, or from the
tenants, or any how, nor had he any more
to lend himself, and desired at same time
to decline the agency for the future, wishing
Sir Kit his health and happiness, and
the compliments of the season—for I saw
the letter before ever it was sealed, when
my son copied it.—When the answer
came, there was a new turn in affairs, and
the agent was turned out; and my son
Jason, who had corresponded privately
with his honor occasionally on business,
was forthwith desired by his honor to
take the accounts into his own hands, and
look them over till further orders—It was
a very spirited letter, to be sure: Sir Kit
sent his service, and the compliments of
the season, in return to the agent, and he would D2r 35
would fight him with pleasure to-morrow,
or any day, for sending him such a letter,
if he was born a gentleman, which he was
sorry (for both their sakes) to find (too
late) he was not.—Then, in a private
postscript, he condescended to tell us that
all would be speedily settled to his satisfaction,
and we should turn over a new
leaf, for he was going to be married in a
fortnight to the grandest heiress in England,
and had only immediate occasion at
present for £200, as he would not choose
to touch his lady’s fortune for travelling
expences home to Castle Rackrent, where
he intended to be, wind and weather permitting,
early in the next month, and desired
fires, and the house to be painted,
and the new building to go on as fast as
possible, for the reception of him and his
lady before that time—with several words D2 besides D2v 36
besides in the letter, which we could not
make out, because, God bless him! he
wrote in such a flurry—My heart warmed
to my new lady when I read this; I was
almost afraid it was too good news to be
true—but the girls fell to scouring, and it
was well they did, for we soon saw his
marriage in the paper to a lady with I
don’t know how many tens of thousand
pounds to her fortune—then I watched
the post-office for his landing, and the
news came to my son of his and the bride
being in Dublin, and on the way home to
Rackrent Gap—We had bonfires all over
the country, expecting him down the next
day, and we had his coming of age still to
celebrate, which he had not time to do
properly before he left the country; therefore
a great ball was expected, and great
doings upon his coming, as it were, fresh to D3r 37
to take possession of his ancestors estate.
—I never shall forget the day he came
home—we had waited and waited all day
long till eleven o’clock at night, and I was
thinking of sending the boy to lock the
gates, and giving them up for that night,
when there come the carriages thundering
up to the great hall door—I got the first
sight of the bride; for when the carriage
door opened, just as she had her foot on
the steps, I held the flam full in her face
to light her, at which she shuts her eyes,
but I had a full view of the rest of her,
and greatly shocked I was, for by that
light she was little better than a blackamoor,
and seemed crippled, but that was
only sitting so long in the chariot—“You’re
kindly welcome to Castle Rackrent, my
lady,”
says I, (recollecting who she was)—
“Did your honor hear of the bonfires?” D3 His D3v 38
His honor spoke never a word, nor so
much as handed her the steps; he looked
to me no more like himself than nothing
at all; I know I took him for the
skeleton of his honor—I was not sure
what to say next to one or t’other, but
seeing she was a stranger in a foreign
country, I thought it but right to speak
chearful to her, so I went back again to
the bonfires—“My lady” (says I, as
she crossed the hall) “there would have
been fifty times as many, but for fear
of the horses and frightening your ladyship
Jason and I forbid them, please
your honor.”
—With that she looked at
me a little bewildered—“Will I have a
fire lighted in the state room to-night?”

was the next question I put to her—but
never a word she answered, so I concluded
she could not speak a word of
English, and was from foreign parts—The short D4r 39
short and the long of it was, I couldn’t
tell what to make of her, so I left her to
herself, and went straight down to the
servants’ hall to learn something for certain
about her. Sir Kit’s own man was tired,
but the groom set him a talking at last,
and we had it all out before ever I closed
my eyes that night. The bride might
well be a great fortune—she was a Jewish
by all accounts, who are famous for their
great riches. I had never seen any of
that tribe or nation before, and could
only gather that she spoke a strange kind
of English of her own, that the could not
abide pork or sausages, and went neither
to church nor mass.—Mercy upon his
honor’s poor soul, thought I, what will
become of him and his, and all of us, with
this heretic Blackamore at the head of the
Castle Rackrent estate. I never slept a D4 wink D4v 40
wink all night for thinking of it, but before
the servants I put my pipe in my
mouth and kept my mind to myself; for
I had a great regard for the family, and
after this when strange gentlemen’s servants
came to the house, and would begin
to talk about the bride, I took care to
put the best foot foremost, and passed her
for a Nabob, in the kitchen, which accounted
for her dark complexion, and
every thing.

The very morning after they came
home, however, I saw how things were,
plain enough, between Sir Kit and my
lady, though they were walking together
arm in arm after breakfast, looking at the
new buildings and the improvements.
“Old Thady,” (said my master, just as he
used to do) “how do you do?”“Very well,
I thank your honor’s honor,”
said I, but I saw D5r 41
I saw he was not well pleased, and my
heart was in my mouth as I walked along
after him—“Is the large room damp,
Thady?”
said his honor—“Oh, damp,
your honor! how should it but be as dry as
a bone,”
(says I) “after all the fires we have
kept in it day and night—It’s the barrack
room
your honor’s talking on”
“And
what is a barrack room, pray, my dear”

were the first words I ever heard out of
my lady’s lips—“No matter, my dear,”
said he, and went on talking to me,
ashamed like I should witness her ignorance.
—To be sure to hear her talk, one
might have taken her for an innocent, for
it was “what’s this, Sir Kit? and what’s
that, Sir Kit?”
all the way we went—
To be sure, Sir Kit had enough to do to
answer her—“And what do you call
that, Sir Kit?”
(said she) “that, that looks like D5v 42
like a pile of black bricks, pray Sir Kitt?”

“My turf stack, my dear,” said my master,
and bit his lip—Where have you lived,
my lady, all your life, not to know a turf
stack when you see it, thought I, but I
said nothing. Then, by-and-by, she takes
out her glass and begins spying over the
country—“And what’s all that black
swamp out yonder, Sir Kit?”
says she—
“My bog, my dear,” says he, and went
on whistling—“It’s a very ugly prospect,
my dear,”
says she—“You don’t see it,
my dear,”
(says he) “for we’ve planted it out,
when the trees grow up, in summer time,”

says he—“Where are the trees,” (said
she) “my dear,” still looking through her
glass—“You are blind, my dear,” (says
he) “what are these under your eyes?”
“These shrubs?” said she—“Trees,”
said he—“May be they are what you call D6r 43
call trees in Ireland, my dear,”
(says she) “but
they are not a yard high, are they?”

“They were planted out but last year, my
lady”
says I, to soften matters between them,
for I saw she was going the way to make
his honor mad with her—“they are very
well grown for their age, and you’ll not
see the bog of Allyballycarricko’shaughlin
at all at all through the skreen, when
once the leaves come out—But, my lady,
you must not quarrel with any part or
parcel of Allyballycarricko’shaughlin, for
you don’t know how many hundred years
that same bit of bog has been in the family,
we would not part with the bog of
Allyballycarricko’shaughlin upon no account
at all; it cost the late Sir Murtagh
two hundred good pounds to defend his
title to it, and boundaries, against the
O’Learys, who cut a road through it.”
Now D6v 44
Now one would have thought this would
have been hint enough for my lady, but
she fell to laughing like one out of their
right mind, and made me say the name
of the bog over for her to get it by heart
a dozen times—then she must ask me how
to spell it, and what was the meaning of
it in EnglishSir Kit standing by whistling
all the while—I verily believe she
laid the corner stone of all her future misfortunes
at that very instant—but I said
no more, only looked at Sir Kit.

There were no balls, no dinners, no
doings, the country was all disappointed—
Sir Kit’s gentleman said, in a whisper to
me, it was all my lady’s own fault, because
she was so obstinate about the
cross—“What cross?” (says I) “is it about
her being a heretic?”
“Oh, no such
matter,”
(says he) “my master does not mind her D7r 45
her heresies, but her diamond cross, it’s
worth I can’t tell you how much, and she
has thousands of English pounds concealed
in diamonds about her, which she
as good as promised to give up to my
master before he married, but now she
won’t part with any of them, and she must
take the consequences.

Her honey-moon, at least her Irish honeymoon,
was scarcely well over, when
his honour one morning said to me—
“Thady, buy me a pig!”—and then the
sausages were ordered, and here was the
first open breaking out of my lady’s
troubles—my lady came down herself into
the kitchen to speak to the cook about the
sausages, and desired never to see them
more at her table.—Now my master had
ordered them, and my lady knew that—
the cook took my lady’s part, because she never D7v 46
never came down into the kitchen, and
was young and innocent in house-keeping,
which raised her pity; besides, said
she, at her own table, surely, my lady
should order and disorder what she pleases
—but the cook soon changed her note, for
my master made it a principle to have the
sausages, and swore at her for a Jew herself,
till he drove her fairly out of the
kitchen—then for fear of her place, and
because he threatened that my lady should
give her no discharge without the sausages,
she gave up, and from that day forward
always sausages or bacon, or pig
meat, in some shape or other, went up to
table; upon which my lady shut herself up
in her own room, and my master said she
might stay there, with an oath; and to
make sure or her, he turned the key in the
door, and kept it ever after in his pocket —We D8r 47
—We none of us ever saw or heard her
speak for seven years after that—he carriedried D8v 48
her dinner himself—then his honour
had a great deal of company to dine with him, E1r 49
him, and balls in the house, and was as gay
and gallant, and as much himself as before
he was married—and at dinner he always
drank my lady Rackrent’s good
health, and so did the company, and he
sent out always a servant, with his compliments
to my Lady Rackrent, and the E company E1v 50
company was drinking her ladyship’s
health, and begged to know if there was
any thing at table he might send her; and
the man came back, after the sham errand,
with my lady Rackrent’s compliments,
and she was very much obliged to
Sir Kit—she did not wish for any thing,
but drank the company’s health.—The
country, to be sure, talked and wondered
at my lady’s being shut up, but nobody
chose to interfere or ask any impertinent
questions, for they knew my master was
a man very apt to give a short answer
himself, and likely to call a man out for it
afterwards—he was a famous shot—had
killed his man before he came of age, and
nobody scarce dare look at him whilst at
Bath.—Sir Kit’s character was so well
known in the county, that he lived in
peace and quietness ever after, and was a great E2r 51
great favorite with the ladies, especially
when in process of time, in the fifth year
of her confinement, my lady Stopgap fell
ill, and took entirely to her bed, and he
gave out that she was now skin and bone,
and could not last through the winter.—
In this he had two physicians’ opinions to
back him (for now he called in two physicians
for her), and tried all his arts to get
the diamond cross from her on her death
bed, and to get her to make a will in
his favour of her separate possessions—but
she was there too tough for him—He used to
swear at her behind her back, after kneeling
to her to her face, and call her, in the
presence of his gentlemen, his stiff-necked
Israelite, though before he married her,
that same gentleman told me he used to
call her (how he could bring it out I don’t
know!) “my pretty Jessica”—To be sure, E2 it E2v 52
it must have been hard for her to guess
what sort of a husband he reckoned to
make her—when she was lying, to all
expectation, on her death-bed, of a broken
heart, I could not but pity her, though she
was a Jewish; and considering too it was
no fault of her’s to be taken with my
master so young as she was at the Bath,
and so fine a gentleman as Sir Kit was
when he courted her—and considering
too, after all they had heard and seen of
him as a husband, there were now no less
than three ladies in our county talked of
for his second wife, all at daggers drawing
with each other, as his gentleman
swore, at the balls, for Sir Kit for their
partner—I could not but think them bewitched,
but they all reasoned with themselves,
that Sir Kit would make a good
husband to any Christian, but a Jewish, I suppose, E3r 53
suppose, and especially as he was now a
reformed rake; and it was not known how
my lady’s fortune was settled in her will,
nor how the Castle Rackrent estate was
all mortgaged, and bonds out against him,
for he was never cured of his gaming
tricks—but that was the only fault he had,
God bless him!

My lady had a sort of fit, and it was
given out she was dead, by mistake;
this brought things to a sad crisis for my
poor master—one of the three ladies shewed
his letters to her brother, and claimed
his promises, whilst another did the same.
I don’t mention names—Sir Kit, in his
defence, said he would meet any man who
dared question his conduct, and as to
the ladies, they must settle it amongst
them who was to be his second, and his
third, and his fourth, whilst his first was E3 still E3v 54
still alive, to his mortification and theirs.
Upon this, as upon all former occasions,
he had the voice of the country with him,
on account of the great spirit and propriety
he acted with.—He met and shot
the first lady’s brother—the next day he
called out the second, who had a wooden
leg, and their place of meeting by appointment
being in a new ploughed field,
the wooden leg man stuck fast in it.—Sir
Kit
seeing his situation, with great candour
fired his pistol over his head, upon
which the seconds interposed, and convinced
the parties there had been a slight
misunderstanding between them; thereupon
they shook hands cordially, and went
home to dinner together.—This gentleman,
to shew the world how they stood
together, and by the advice of the friends
of both parties to re-establish his sister’s injured E4r 55
injured reputation, went out with Sir Kit
as his second, and carried his message next
day to the last of his adversaries.—I never
saw him in such fine spirits as that day he
went out—sure enough he was within
aims-ace of getting quit handsomely of all
his enemies; but unluckily, after hitting
the tooth-pick out of his adversary’s finger
and thumb, he received a ball in a vital
part, and was brought home, in little better
than an hour after the affair, speechless,
on a hand-barrow, to my lady; we got
the key out of his pocket the first thing
we did, and my son Jason ran to unlock
the barrack-room, where my lady had
been shut up for seven years, to acquaint
her with the fatal accident.—The surprize
breavedher of her senses at first,
nor would she believe but we were putting
some new trick upon her, to entrap E4 her E4v 56
her out of her jewels, for a great while,
till Jason bethought himself of taking her
to the window, and shewed her the men
bringing Sir Kit up the avenue upon the
hand-barrow, which had immediately the
desired effect; for directly she burst into
tears, and pulling her cross from her bosom,
she kissed it with as great devotion
as ever I witnessed, and lifting up her
eyes to Heaven, uttered some ejaculation,
which none present heard—but I take
the sense of it to be, she returned thanks
for this unexpected interposition in her
favour, when she had least reason to expect
it.—My master was greatly lamented
—there was no life in him when we
lifted him off the barrow, so he was laid
out immediately, and waked the same
night.—The country was al in an uproar
about him, and not a soul but cried shame upon E5r 57
upon his murderer, who would have been
hanged surely, if he could have been
brought to his trial, whilst the gentlemen
in the county were up about it, but he
very prudently withdrew himself to the
continent before the affair was made public.
—As for the young lady who was the
immediate cause of the fatal accident,
however innocently, she could never shew
her head after at the balls in the county
or any place, and by the advice of her
friends and physicians she was ordered
soon after to Bath, where it was expected,
if any where on this side of the grave, she
would meet with the recovery of her
health and lost peace of mind.—As a
proof of his great popularity, I need only
add, that there was a song made upon
my master’s untimely death in the newspapers,
which was in every body’s mouth, singing E5v 58
singing up and down through the country,
even down to the mountains, only three
days after his unhappy exit.—He was
also greatly beamoned at the Curragh,
where his cattle were well known, and
all who had taken up his bets formerly
were particularly inconsolable for his loss
to society.—His stud sold at the cant at
the greatest price ever known in the
country; his favourite horses were chiefly
disposed of amongst his particular friends,
who would give any price for them for
his sake; but no ready money was required
by the new heir, who wished not
to displease any of the gentlemen of the
neighbourhood just upon his coming to
settle amongst them; so a long credit was
given where requisite, and the cash has
never been gathered in from that day to
this.

But E6r 59

But to return to my lady.—She got
surprisingly well after my master’s decease.
No sooner was it known for certain
that he was dead, than all the gentlemen
within twenty miles of us came in
a body as it were to set my lady at liberty,
and to protest against her confinement,
which they now for the first time understood
was against her own consent. The
ladies too were as attentive as possible,
striving who should be foremost with their
morning visits; and they that saw the
diamonds spoke very handsomely of them,
but thought it a pity they were not bestowed,
if it had so pleased God, upon a
lady who would have become them better.
All these civilities wrought little with my
lady, for she had taken an unaccountable
prejudice against the country and every
thing belonging to it, and was so partial to E6v 60
to her native land, that after parting with
the cook, which she did immediately upon
my master’s decease, I never knew her
easy one instant, night or day, but when
she was packing up to leave us. Had
she meant to make any stay in Ireland, I
stood a great chance of being a great favorite
with her, for when she found I
understood the weather-cock, she was always
finding some pretence to be talking
to me, and asking me which way the
wind blew, and was it likely, did I think,
to continue fair for England.—But when
I saw she had made up her mind to spend
the rest of her days upon her own income
and jewels in England, I considered her
quite as a foreigner, and not at all any
longer as part of the family.—She gave no
vails to the servants at Castle Rackrent at
parting, notwithstanding the old proverb of E7r 61
of “as rich as a Jew,” which, she being
a Jewish, they built upon with reason—
But from first to last she brought nothing
but misfortunes amongst us; and if it had
not been all along with her, his honor Sir
Kit
would have been now alive in all appearance.
—Her diamond cross was, they
say, at the bottom of it all; and it was a
shame for her, being his wife, not to show
more duty, and to have given it up when
he condescended to ask so often for such
a bit of a trifle in his distresses, especially
when he all along made it no secret
he married for money.—But we will not
bestow another thought upon her—This
much I thought it lay upon my conscience
to say, in justice to my poor master’s memory.

“’Tis an ill wind that blows nobody no
good”
—the same wind that took the Jew 4 Lady E7v 62
Lady Rackrent over to England brought
over the new heir to Castle Rackrent.

Here let me pause for breath in my
story, for though I had a great regard for
every member of the family, yet without
compare Sir Conolly, commonly called for
short amongst his friends Sir Condy Rackrent,
was ever my great favorite, and indeed
the most universally beloved man I
had ever seen or heard of, not excepting
his great ancestor Sir Patrick, to whose
memory he, amongst other instances of
generosity, erected a handsome marble
stone in the church of Castle Rackrent,
setting forth in large letters his age, birth,
parentage, and many other virtues, concluding
with the compliment so justly due,
that “Sir Patrick Rackrent lived and died
a monument of old Irish hospitality.”

Con- E8r
Continuation of the Memoirs
of the
Rackrent Family.
History of Sir Conolly
Rackrent
.

Sir Condy Rackrent, by the grace of
God, heir at law to the Castle Rackrent
estate, was a remote branch of the family:
born to little or no fortune of his
own, he was bred to the bar, at which
having many friends to push him, and no
mean natural abilities of his own, he
doubtless would in process of time, if he
could have borne the drudgery of that
study, have been rapidly made king’s
counsel at the least—But things were disposedposed E8v 64
of otherwise, and he never went
circuit but twice, and then made no figure
for want of a fee, and being unable to
speak in public. He received his education
chiefly in the college of Dublin;
but before he came to years of discretion,
lived in the country in a small but slated
house, within view of the end of the avenue.
I remember him bare-footed and
headed, running through the street of
O’Shaughlin’s town, and playing at pitch
and toss, ball, marbles, and what not,
with the boys of the town, amongst whom
my son Jason was a great favorite with him.
As for me, he was ever my white-headed
boy—
often’s the time when I would call in F1r 65
in at his father’s, where I was always
made welcome, he would slip down to
me in the kitchen, and love to sit on my
knee whilst I told him stories of the family
and the blood from which he was sprung,
and how he might look forward, if the
then present man should die without childer,
to being at the head of the Castle
Rackrent
estate.—This was then spoke
quite and clear at random to please the
child, but it pleased Heaven to accomplish
my prophecy afterwards, which gave
him a great opinion of my judgment in
business. He went to a little grammar
school with many others, and my son
amongst the rest, who was in his class,
and not a little useful to him in his book
learning, which he acknowledged with
gratitude ever after. These rudiments of
his education thus completed, he got a F horse- F1v 66
horseback, to which exercise he was ever
addicted, and used to gallop over the
country whilst yet but a slip of a boy,
under the care of Sir Kit’s huntsman, who
was very fond of him, and often lent him
his gun and took him out a shooting under
his own eye. By these means he became
well acquainted and popular amongst the
poor in the neighbourhood early, for there
was not a cabin at which he had not
stopped some morning or other along with
the huntsman, to drink a glass of burnt
whiskey out of an egg-shell, to do him good,
and warm his heart, and drive the cold
out of his stomach.—The old people always
told him he was a great likeness of
Sir Patrick, which made him first have
an ambition to take after him, as far as
his fortune should allow. He left us
when of an age to enter the college, and there F2r 67
there completed his education and nineteenth
year; for as he was not born to an
estate, his friends thought it incumbent
on them to give him the best education
which could be had for love or money,
and a great deal of money consequently
was spent upon him at college and Temple
—He was very little altered for the
worse, by what he saw there of the great
world, for when he came down into the
country to pay us a visit we thought him
just the same man as ever, hand and glove
with every one, and as far from high,
though not without his own proper share
of family pride, as any man ever you see.
Latterly, seeing how Sir Kit and the
Jewish lived together, and that there was
no one between him and the Castle Rackrent
estate, he neglected to apply to the
law as much as was expected of him, and F2 secretly F2v 68
secretly many of the tenants, and others,
advanced him cash upon his note of hand
value received, promising bargains of
leases and lawful interest should he ever
come into the estate.—All this was kept
a great secret, for fear the present man
hearing of it should take it into his head
to take it ill of poor Condy, and so should
cut him off for ever by levying a fine, and
suffering a recovery to dock the entail—

Sir Murtagh would have been the man
for that, but Sir Kit was too much taken
up philandering to consider the law in
this case—or any other.—These practices
I have mentioned account for the state of
of his affairs, I mean Sir Condy’s, upon his
coming into the Castle Rackrent estate.—
He could not command a penny of his
first year’s income, which, and keeping
no accounts, and the great sight of company
he did, with many other causes too numerous F3r 69
numerous to mention, was the origin of
his distresses.—My son Jason, who was
now established agent, and knew every
thing, explained matters out of the face
to Sir Conolly, and made him sensible of
his embarrassed situation. With a great
nominal rent-roll, it was almost all paid
away in interest, which being for convenience
suffered to run on, soon doubled
the principal, and Sir Condy was obligated
to pass new bonds for the interest,
now grown principal, and so on. Whilst
this was going on, my son requiring to
be paid for his trouble, and many years
service in the family gratis, and Sir Condy
not willing to take his affairs into his own
hands, or to look them even in the face,
he gave my son a bargain of some acres
which fell out of lease at a reasonable
rent; Jason set the land as soon as his F3 lease F3v 70
lease was sealed to under-tenants, to make
the rent, and got two hundred a year
profit rent, which was little enough, considering
his long agency.—He bought the
land at twelve years purchase two years
afterwards, when Sir Condy was pushed
for money on an execution, and was at
the same time allowed for his improvements
thereon. There was a sort of hunting
lodge upon the estate convenient to
my son Jason’s land, which he had his
eye upon about this time; and he was a
little jealous of Sir Condy, who talked of
setting it to a stranger, who was just
come into the country—Captain Moneygawl
was the man; he was son and heir
to the Moneygawls of Mount Juliet’s
town
, who had a great estate in the next
county to ours, and my master was loth
to disoblige the young gentleman, whose heart F4r 71
heart was set upon the lodge; so he
wrote him back that the lodge was at his
service, and if he would honor him with
his company at Castle Rackrent, they
could ride over together some morning
and look at it before signing the lease.—
Accordingly the Captain came over to us,
and he and Sir Condy grew the greatest
friends ever you see, and were for ever
out a shooting or a hunting together, and
were very merry in the evenings, and Sir
Condy
was invited of course to Mount
Juliet’s town
, and the family intimacy
that had been in Sir Patrick’s time
was now recollected, and nothing would
serve Sir Condy but he must be three
times a week at the least with his new
friends—which grieved me, who knew by
the Captain’s groom and gentleman how
they talked of him at Mount Juliet’s town, F4 making F4v 72
making him quite, as one may say, a
laughing stock and a butt for the whole
company: but they were soon cured of
that by an accident that surprised ’em not
a little, as it did me.—There was a bit of
a scrawl found upon the waiting maid of
old Mr. Moneygawl’s youngest daughter
Miss Isabella, that laid open the whole;
and her father, they say, was like one
out of his right mind, and swore it was
the last thing he ever should have thought
of when he invited my master to his house,
that his daughter should think of such a
match.—But their talk signified not a
straw; for as Miss Isabella’s maid reported,
her young mistress was falen over
head and ears in love with Sir Condy,
from the first time that ever her brother
brought him into the house to dinner: the
servant who waited that day behind my master’s F5r 73
master’s chair was the first who knew it,
as he says; though it’s hard to believe
him, for he did not tell till a great while
afterwards; but however, it’s likely enough
as the thing turned out that he was not
far out of the way; for towards the middle
of dinner, as he says, they were talking
of stage plays, having a play-house, and
being great play actors at Mount Juliet’s
town
, and Miss Isabella turns short to
my master and says—“Have you seen
the play-bill, Sir Condy?”
“No, I have
not,”
said he.—“Then more shame for
you,”
(said the Captain her brother) “not to
know that my sister is to play Juliet tonight,
who plays it better than any woman
on or off the stage in all Ireland.”
“I
am very happy to hear it,”
said Sir Condy,
and there the matter dropped for the present,
but Sir Condy all this time, and a great F5v 74
great while afterwards, was at a terrible
nonplus, for he had no liking not he to
stage plays, nor to Miss Isabella either;
to his mind, as it came out over a bowl
of whiskey punch at home, his little Judy
McQuirk
, who was daughter to a sister’s
son of mine, was worth twenty of Miss
Isabella
—He had seen her often when he
stopped at her father’s cabin to drink
whiskey out of the egg-shell, out of hunting,
before he came to the estate, and as
she gave out was under something like a
promise of marriage to her—Any how I
could not but pity my poor master, who
was so bothered between them, and he
an easy-hearted man that could not disoblige
nobody, God bless him. To be
sure it was not his place to behave ungenerous
to Miss Isabella, who had disobliged
all her relations for his sake, as he F6r 75
he remarked; and then she was locked
up in her chamber and forbid to think of
him any more, which raised his spirit,
because his family was, as he observed,
as good as theirs at any rate, and the
Rackrents a suitable match for the Moneygawls
any day in the year; all which was
true enough; but it grieved me to see
that upon the strength of all this Sir Condy
was growing more in the mind to carry
off Miss Isabella to Scotland, in spite of
her relations, as she desired.

“It’s all over with our poor Judy!” said
I, with a heavy sigh, making bold to speak
to him one night when he was a little
cheerful, and standing in the servant’s
hall all alone with me, as was often his
custom—“Not at all” (said he) “I never was
fonder of Judy than at this present speaking,
and to prove it to you,”
(said he, and he F6v 76
he took from my hand a halfpenny, change
that I had just got along with my tobacco);
“and to prove it to you, Thady,”
says he, “it’s a toss up with me which I
shall marry this minute, her or Mr. Moneygawl
of Mount Juliet’s Town’s daughter
—so it is”
“Oh, boo! boo!” (says
I, making light of it, to see what he would
go on to next)—“your honor’s joking, to
be sure, there’s no compare between our
poor Judy and Miss Isabella, who has a
great fortune, they say.”
“I’m not a man
to mind a fortune, nor never was,”
(said Sir
Condy
proudly,) “whatever her friends may
say; and to make short of it,”
(says he) “I’m
come to a determination upon the spot;”

with that he swore such a terrible oath, as F7r 77
as made me cross myself—“and by this
book,”
(said he, snatching up my ballad
book, mistaking it for my prayer-book,
which lay in the window)—“and by this
book,”
(said he) “and by all the books that
ever were shut and opened—it’s come to
a toss up with me, and I’ll stand or fall by
the toss, and so, Thady, hand me over
that pin out of the ink-horn,”
and he
makes a cross on the smooth side of the
halfpenny—“Judy McQuirk,” (said he) “her
mark,”
God bless him! his hand was a little F7v 78
little unsteadied by all the whiskey punch
he had taken, but it was plain to see his
heart was for poor Judy.—My heart was
all as one as in my mouth, when I saw
the halfpenny up in the air, but I said nothing
at all, and when it came down, I
was glad I had kept myself to myself, for
to be sure now it was all over with poor
Judy.—“Judy’s out a luck,” said I,
striving to laugh—“I’m out a luck,” said
he, and I never saw a man look so
cast down; he took up the halfpenny off
the flag, and walked away quite sobered
like by the shock.—Now though as easy a man F8r 79
a man you would think as any in the wide
world, there was no such thing as making
him unsay one of these sort of vows,
which he had learned to reverence when
young, as I well remember teaching him
to toss up for bog berries on my knee.—
So I saw the affair was as good as settled between F8v 80
between him and Miss Isabella, and I
had no more to say but to wish her joy,
which I did the week afterwards upon
her return from Scotland with my poor
master.

My new lady was young, as might be
supposed of a lady that had been carried
off by her own consent to Scotland, but
I could only see her at the first through
her veil, which, from bashfulness or fashion,
she kept over her face—“And am
I to walk through all this crowd of people,
my dearest love,”
said she to Sir Condy,
meaning us servants and tenants, who had
gathered at the back gate—“My dear” (said
Sir Condy) “there’s nothing for it but to walk,
or to let me carry you as far as the house,
for you to see the back road’s too narrow
for a carriage, and the great piers have
tumbled down across the front approach, so G1r 81
so there’s no driving the right way by reason
of the ruins”
“Plato, thou reasonest
well!”
said she, or words to that effect,
which I could no ways understand; and
again, when her foot stumbled against a
broken bit of a car wheel, she cried out—
“Angels and ministers of grace, defend
us!”
—Well, thought I, to be sure if she’s
no Jewish like the last, she is a mad woman
for certain, which is as bad: it would
have been as well for my poor master to
have taken up with poor Judy, who is in
her right mind any how.

She was dressed like a mad woman,
moreover, more than like any one I ever
saw afore or since, and I could not take
my eyes off her, but still followed behind
her, and her feathers on the top of her hat
were broke going in at the low back
door, and she pulled out her little bottle G out G1v 82
out of her pocket to smell to when she
found herself in the kitchen, and said, “I
shall faint with the heat of this odious,
odious place”
“My dear, it’s only three
steps across the kitchen, and there’s a fine
air if your veil was up,”
said Sir Condy,
and with that threw back her veil, so that
I had then a full sight of her face; she
had not at all the colour of one going to
faint, but a fine complexion of her own,
as I then took it to be, though her maid
told me after it was all put on; but even
complexion and all taken in, she was no
way, in point of good looks, to compare
to poor Judy; and with all she had a
quality toss with her; but may be it was
my over partiality to Judy, into whose
place I may say she stept, that made me
notice all this.—To do her justice, however,
she was, when we came to know her G2r 83
her better, very liberal in her house-keeping,
nothing at all of the Skin-flint in her;
she left every thing to the housekeeper,
and her own maid, Mrs. Jane, who went
with her to Scotland, gave her the best of
characters for generosity; she seldom or
ever wore a thing twice the same way,
Mrs. Jane told us, and was always pulling
her things to pieces, and giving them
away, never being used in her father’s
house to think of expence in any thing—
and she reckoned, to be sure, to go on
the same way at Castle Rackrent; but
when I came to enquire, I learned that
her father was so mad with her for running
off after his locking her up, and forbidding
her to think any more of Sir
Condy
, that he would not give her a farthing;
and it was lucky for her she had a
few thousands of her own, which had been G2 left G2v 84
left to her by a good grandmother, and
these were very convenient to begin with.
My master and my lady set out in great
stile; they had the finest coach and chariot,
and horses and liveries, and cut the
greatest dash in the county, returning their
wedding visits!—and it was immediately
reported that her father had undertaken to
pay all my master’s debts, and of course
all his tradesmen gave him a new credit,
and every thing went on smack smooth,
and I could not but admire my lady’s
spirit, and was proud to see Castle Rackrent
again in all its glory.—My lady had
a fine taste for building and furniture, and
play-houses, and she turned every thing
topsy-turvy, and made the barrack-room
into a theatre, as she called it, and she
went on as if she had a mint of money
at her elbow; and to be sure I thought she G3r 85
she knew best, especially as Sir Condy
said nothing to it one way or the other.
All he asked, God bless him! was to live
in peace and quietness, and have his
bottle, or his whiskey punch at night to
himself.—Now this was little enough, to
be sure, for any gentleman, but my lady
couldn’t abide the smell of the whiskey
punch.—“My dear,” (says he) “you liked
it well enough before we were married,
and why not now?”
“My dear,” (said
she) “I never smelt it, or I assure you I
should never have prevailed upon myself
to marry you.”
“My dear, I am sorry
you did not smell it, but we can’t help
that now,”
(returned my master, without
putting himself in a passion, or going out
of his way, but just fair and easy helped
himself to another glass, and drank it off to
her good health:) All this the butler told G3 me, G3v 86
me, who was going backwards and forwards
unnoticed with the jug, and hot
water, and sugar, and all he thought
wanting.—Upon my master’s swallowing
the last glass of whiskey punch, my lady
burst into tears, calling him an ungrateful,
base, barbarous wretch! and went off
into a fit of hysterics, as I think Mrs.
Jane
called it, and my poor master was
greatly frighted, this being the first thing
of the kind he had seen; and he fell
straight on his knees before her, and, like
a good-hearted cratur as he was, ordered
the whiskey punch out of the room, and
bid ’em throw open all the windows, and
cursed himself, and then my lady came
to herself again, and when she saw him
kneeling there, bid him get up, and not
foreswear himself any more, for that she
was sure he did not love her, nor never had, G4r 87
had (this we learnt from Mrs. Jane, who
was the only person left present at all
this—“My dear,” (returns my master,
thinking to be sure of Judy, as well he
might) “whoever told you so is an incendiary,
and I’ll have ’em turned out of
the house this minute, if you’ll only let
me know which of them it was.”

“Told me what?” says my lady, starting
upright in her chair.—“Nothing, nothing
at all,”
(said my master, seeing he
had overshot himself, and that my lady
spoke at random) “but what you said just
now that I did not live you, Bella, who
told you that?”
“My own sense,” said
she, and she put her handkerchief to her
face, and leant back upon Mrs. Jane,
and fell to sobbing as if her heart would
break.—“Why now Bella, this is very
strange of you,”
(said my poor master) “if nobodyG4 body G4v 88
has told you nothing, what is it you
are taking on for at this rent, and exposing
yourself and me for this way?”

“Oh say no more, say no more, every
word you say kills me,”
(cried my lady,
and she ran on like one, as Mrs. Jane
says, raving)—“Oh Sir Condy, Sir Condy!
I that had hoped to find a―”
“Why
now faith this is a little too much; do
Bella, try to recollect yourself, my dear;
am not I your husband, and of your own
chusing, and is not that enough?”
“Oh
too much! too much!”
cried my lady,
wringing her hands.—“Why, my dear,
come to your right senses for the love of
heaven—see is not the whiskey punch,
jug and bowl and all, gone out of the
room long ago? what is it in the wide
world you have to complain of?”
—But
still my lady sobbed and sobbed, and called G5r 89
called herself the most wretched of women;
and among other out of the way
provoking things, asked my master, was
he fit company for her, and he drinking
all night.—This nettling him, which it
was hard to do, he replied, that as to
drinking all night, he was then as sober
as she was herself, and that it was no matter
how much a man drank, provided it did
no ways affect or stagger him—that as
to being fit company for her, he thought
himself of a family to be fit company for
any lord or lady in the land, but that he
never prevented her from seeing and keeping
what company she pleased, and that
he had done his best to make Castle
Rackrent
pleasing to her since her marriage,
having always had the house full
of visitors, and if her own relations were
not amongst them, he said, that was their G5v 90
their own fault and their pride’s fault,
of which he was sorry to find her ladyship
had so unbecoming a share—So concluding,
he took his candle and walked
off to his room, and my lady was in her
tantarums for three days after, and would
have been so much longer, no doubt, but
some of her friends, young ladies and
cousins and second cousins, came to Castle
Rackrent
, by my poor master’s express
invitation, to see her, and she was in a
hurry to get up, as Mrs. Jane called it, a
play for them, and so got well, and was
as finely dressed and as happy to look at
as ever, and all the young ladies who
used to be in her room dressing of her
said in Mrs. Jane’s hearing, that my
lady was the happiest bride ever they
had seen, and that to be sure a love
match was the only thing for happiness, where G6r 91
where the parties could any way afford
it.

As to affording it, God knows it was
little they knew of the matter; my lady’s
few thousands could not last for ever,
especially the way she went on with
them, and letters from tradesfolk came
every post thick and threefold, with bills
as long as my arm of years and years standing;
my son Jason had ’em all handed
over to him, and the pressing letters were
all unread by Sir Condy, who hated trouble
and could never be brought to hear
talk of business, but still put it off and
put it off, saying—settle it any how, or
bid ’em call again to-morrow, or speak to
me about it some other time.—Now it
was hard to find the right time to speak,
for in the mornings he was a-bed and in
the evenings over his bottle, where no gen- G6v 92
gentleman chuses to be disturbed.—Things
in a twelvemonth or so came to such a
pass, there was no making a shift to go
on any longer, though we were all of us
well enough used to live from hand to
mouth at Castle Rackrent. One day, I
remember, when there was a power of
company, all sitting after dinner in the
dusk, not to say dark in the drawing-
room, my lady having rung five times for
candles and none to go up, the housekeeper
sent up the foorman, who went
to my mistress and whispered behind her
chair how it was.—“My lady,” (says he)
“there are no candles in the house.”
“Bless me,” (says she) “then take a horse,
and gallop off as fast as you can to Carrick
O’Fungus
and get some.”
“And
in the mean time tell them to step into the
play-house, and try if there are not some bits G7r 93
bits left,”
added Sir Condy, who happened
to be within hearing. The man
was sent up again to my lady, to let her
know there was no horse to go but one
that wanted a shoe.—“Go to Sir Condy,
then, I know nothing at all about the
horses,”
(said my lady) “why do you
plague me with these things?”
—How it
was settled I really forget, but to the best
of my remembrance, the boy was sent
down to my son Jason’s to borrow candles
for the night. Another time in the
winter, and on a desperate cold day,
there was no turf in for the parlour and
above stairs, and scarce enough for the
cook in the kitchen, the little gossoon was G7v 94
was sent off to the neighbours to see and
beg or borrow some, but none could he
bring back with him for love or money;
so as needs must we were forced to trouble
Sir Condy“Well, and if there’s no
turf to be had in the town or country,
why what signifies talking any more about
it, can’t ye go and cut down a tree?”

“Which tree, please your honor?” I
made bold to say.—“Any tree at all
that’s good to burn,”
(said Sir Condy);
“send off smart, and get one down and
the fires lighted before my lady gets up to
breakfast, or the house will be too hot to
hold us.”
—He was always very considerate
in all things about my lady, and she G8r 95
she wanted for nothing whilst he had it to
give.—Well, when things were tight with
them about this time, my son Jason put
in a word again about the lodge, and
made a genteel offer to lay down the purchase
money to relieve Sir Condy’s distresses.
—Now Sir Condy had it from the
best authority, that there were two writs
come down to the Sheriff against his person,
and the Sheriff, as ill luck would
have it, was no friend of his, and talked
how he must do his duty, and how he
would do it, if it was against the first
man in the county, or even his own brother,
let alone one who had voted against
him at the last election, as Sir Condy had
done.—So Sir Condy was fain to take the
purchase money of the lodge from my son
Jason to settle matters; and sure enough
it was a good bargain for both parties, for my G8v 96
my son bought the fee simple of a good
house for him and his heirs for ever for
little or nothing, and by selling of it for
that same my master saved himself from
a gaol. Every way it turned out fortunate
for Sir Condy; for before the money
was all gone there came a general election,
and he being so well beloved in the
county, and one of the oldest families, no
one had a better right to stand candidate
for the vacancy; and he was called upon
by all his friends, and the whole county I
may say, to declare himself against the old
member, who had little thought of a contest.
My master did not relish the thoughts
of a troublesome canvas, and all the ill
will he might bring upon himself by disturbing
the peace of the county, besides
the expence, which was no trifle; but all
his friends called upon one another to 4 sub- H1r 97
subscribe, and formed themselves into a
committee, and wrote all his circular letters
for him, and engaged all his agents,
and did all the business unknown to him,
and he was well pleased that it should be
so at last, and my lady herself was very
sanguine about the election, and there
was open house kept night and day at
Castle Rackrent, and I thought I never
saw my lady look so well in her life as
she did at that time; there were grand
dinners, and all the gentlemen drinking
success to Sir Condy till they were carried
off; and then dances and balls, and the
ladies all finishing with a raking pot of tea
in the morning. Indeed it was well the
company made it their choice to sit up
all nights, for there was not half beds
enough for the sights of people that were
in it, though there were shake downs in H the H1v 98
the drawing-room always made up before
sun-rise, for those that liked it. For my
part, when I saw the doings that were
going on, and the loads of claret that
went down the throats of them that had
no right to be asking for it, and the sights
of meat that went up to table and never
came down, besides what was carried off
to one or t’other below stairs, I couldn’t
but pity my poor master who was to pay
for all, but I said nothing, for fear of gaining
myself ill will. The day of election
will come some time or other, says I to
myself, and all will be over—and so it
did, and a glorious day it was as any I
ever had the happiness to see; huzza!
huzza! Sir Condy Rackrent for ever, was
the first thing I hears in the morning, and
the same and nothing else all day, and
not a soul sober only just when polling, enough H2r 99
enough to give their votes as became ’em
and to stand the brow-beating of the lawyers
who came tight enough upon us; and
many of our freeholders were knocked off,
having never a freehold that they could
safely swear to, and Sir Condy was not willing
to have any man perjure himself for his
sake, as was done on the other side, God
knows, but no matter for that.—Some of
our friends were dumb-founded, by the
lawyers asking them—had they ever been
upon the ground where their freeholds
lay?—Now Sir Condy being tender of the
consciences of them that had not been on
the ground, and so could not swear to a
freehold when cross-examined by them
lawyers, sent out for a couple of cleavesfull
of the sods of his farm of Gulteeshinnagh:
and as soon as the sods came into
town he set each man upon his sod, and H2 so H2v 100
so then ever after, you know, they could
fairly swear they had been upon the
ground.—We gained the day by this
piece of honesty. I thought I should
have died in the streets for joy when I
seed my poor master chaired, and he bare-
headed and it raining as hard as it could
pour; but all the crowds following him
up and down, and he bowing and shaking
hands with the whole town.—“Is that
Sir Condy Rackrent in the chair?”
says a
stranger man in the crowd—“The same,”
says I—“who else should it be? God bless
him!”
“And I take it then you belong
to him,”
says he.—“Not at all,” (says I)
“but I live under him, and have done
so these two hundred years and upwards,
me and mine.”
“It’s lucky for you, then,” H3r 101
then,”
rejoins he, “that he is where he
is, for was he any where else but in the
chair this minute he’d be in a worse place,
for I was sent down on purpose to put
him up,
and here’s my order for so doing
in my pocket.”
—It was a writ that villain
the wine merchant had marked against
my poor master, for some hundreds of an
old debt which it was a shame to be talk—
ing of at such a time as this.—“Put it in
your pocket again, and think no more of
it any ways for seven years to come, my honest
friend,”
(says I), “he’s a member a Parliament
now, praised be God, and such
as you can’t touch him; and if you’ll take
a fool’s advice, I’d have ye keep out of
the way this day, or you’ll run a good
chance of getting your deserts amongst
my master’s friends, unless you chuse to H3 drink H3v 102
drink his health like every body else.”

“I’ve no objection to that in life,” said
he; so we went into one of the public
houses kept open for my master, and we
had a great deal of talk about this thing
and that, and “how is it” (says he) “your
master keeps on so well upon his legs; I
heard say he was off Holantide twelve-
month past.”
“Never was better or
heartier in his life,”
said I.—“It’s not
that I’m after speaking of,”
(said he) “but
there was a great report of his being
ruined.”
“No matter,” (says I) “the Sheriffs
two years running were his particular
friends, and the Sub-sheriffs were
both of them gentlemen, and were properly
spoken to; and so the writs lay snug
with them, and they, and I understand by
my son Jason the custom in them cases
is, returned the writs as they came to them to H4r 103
to those that sent ’em, much good may it
do them, with word in Latin that no such
person as Sir Condy Rackrent, Bart. was
to be found in those parts.”
“Oh, I
understand all those ways better, no offence,
than you,”
says he, laughing, and
at the same time filling his glass to my
master’s good health, which convinced
me he was a warm friend in his heart
after all, though appearances were a little
suspicious or so at first.—“To be sure,”
(says he, still cutting his joke) “when a
man’s over head and shoulders in debt,
he may live the faster for it and the better
if he goes the right way about it—or else
how is it so many live on so well, as we
see every day, after they are ruined?”

“How is it,” (says I, being a little merry
at the time) “how is it but just as you see
the ducks in the kitchen yard just after H4 their H4v 104
their heads are cut off by the cook, running
round and round faster than when
alive.”
—At which conceit he fell a
laughing, and remarked he had never had
the happiness yet to see the chicken yard
at Castle Rackrent.—“It won’t be long
so, I hope,”
(says I) “you’ll be kindly welcome
there, as every body is made by my
master; there is not a freer spoken gentleman
or a better beloved, high or low,
in all Ireland.”
—And of what passed after
this I’m not sensible, for we drank Sir
Condy’s
good health and the downfal of
his enemies till we could stand no longer
ourselves—And little did I think at the
time, or till long after, how I was harbouring
my poor master’s greatest of enemies
myself. This fellow had the impudence,
after coming to see the chicken-
yard, to get me to introduce him to my son H5r 105
son Jason—little more than the man that
never was born did I guess at his meaning
by this visit; he gets him a correct
list fairly drawn out from my son Jason of
all my master’s debts, and goes straight
round to the creditors and buys them all
up, which he did easy enough, seeing the
half of them never expected to see their
money out of Sir Condy’s hands. Then
when this base-minded limb of the law,
as I afterwards detected him in being,
grew to be sole creditor over all, he takes
him out a custodiam on all the denominations
and sub-denominations, and every
carton and half carton upon the estate—
and not content with that, must have an
execution against the master’s goods and
down to the furniture, though little worth,
of Castle Rackrent itself.—But this is
a part of my story, I’m not come to yet H5v 106
yet, and it’s bad to be forestalling—ill
news flies fast enough all the world over.
To go back to the day of the election,
which I never think of but with pleasure
and tears of gratitude for those good times;
after the election was quite and clean
over, there comes shoals of people from
all parts, claiming to have obliged my
master with their votes, and putting him
in mind of promises which he could never
remember himself to have made—one
was to have a freehold for each of his four
sons—another was to have a renewal of
a lease—another an abatement—one came
to be paid ten guineas for a pair of silver
buckles sold my master on the hustings
which turned out to be no better than
copper gilt—another had a long bill for
oats, the half of which never went into
the granary to my certain knowledge, and the H6r 107
the other half were not fit for the cattle to
touch; but the bargain was made the
week before the election, and the coach
and saddle horses were got into order for
the day, besides a vote fairly got by them
oats—so no more reasoning on that
head—but then there was no end to them
that were telling Sir Condy he had engaged
to make their sons excisemen, or
high constables, or the like; and as for
them that had bills to give in for liquor,
and beds, and straw, and ribbons, and
horses, and post-chaises for the gentlemen
freeholders that came from all parts and
other counties to vote for my master, and
were not, to be sure, to be at any charges,
there was no standing against all these;
and worse than all the gentlemen of my
master’s committee, who managed all for
him, and talked how they’d bring him in without H6v 108
without costing him a penny, and subscribed
by hundreds very genteely, forgot
to pay their subscriptions, and had
laid out in agents and lawyers, fees and
secret service money, the Lord knows
how much, and my master could never
ask one of them for their subscription,
you are sensible, nor for the price of a
fine horse he had sold one of them, so it
all was left at his door. He could never,
God bless him again, I say, bring himself
to ask a gentleman for money, despising
such sort of conversation himself;
but others, who were not gentlemen born,
behaved very uncivil in pressing him at
this very time, and all he could do to
content ’em all was to take himself out of
the way as fast as possible to Dublin,
where my lady had taken a house as fitting
for him, a Member of Parliament, to attend H7r 109
attend his duty in there all the winters.—
I was very lonely when the whole family
was gone, and all the things they had
ordered to go and forgot sent after them
by the stage. There was then a great
silence in Castle Rackrent, and I went
moping from room to room, hearing the
doors clap for want of right locks, and
the wind through the broken windows
that the glazier never would come to
mend, and the rain coming through the
roof and best cielings all over the house,
for want of the slater whose bill was not
paid; besides our having no slates or
shingles for that part of the old building
which was shingled, and burnt when the
chimney took fire, and had been open to
the weather ever since. I took myself to
the servants’ hall in the evening to smoke
my pipe as usual, but missed the bit of talk
H7v 110
talk we used to have there sadly, and
ever after was content to stay in the kitchen
and boil my little potatoes, and put
up my bed there; and every post day I
looked in the newspaper, but no news of
my master in the house.—He never spoke
good or bad—but, as the butler wrote
down word to my son Jason, was very ill
used by the government about a place that
was promised him and never given, after
his supporting them against his conscience
very honorably, and being greatly abused
for it, which hurt him greatly, he having
the name of a great patriot in the country
before. The house and living in Dublin too H8r 111
too was not to be had for nothing, and
my son Jason said Sir Condy must soon be
looking out for a new agent, for I’ve done
my part and can do no more—if my lady
had the bank of Ireland to spend, it would
go all in one winter, and Sir Condy would
never gainsay her, though he does not care
the rind of a lemon for her all the while.

Now I could not bear to hear Jason
giving out after this manner against the
family, and twenty people standing by in
the street. Ever since he had lived at the
Lodge of his own he looked down, howsomever,
upon poor old Thady, and was
grown quite a great gentleman, and had
none of his relations near him—no wonder
he was no kinder to poor Sir Condy than
to his own kith and kin.—In the spring it H8v 112
it was the villain that got the list of the
debts from him brought down the Custodiam,
Sir Condy still attending his duty
in Parliament; and I could scarcely believe
my own old eyes, or the spectacles
with which I read it, when I was shewn
my son Jason’s name joined in the Custodiam;
but he told me it was only for
form’s sake, and to make things easier,
than if all the land was under the power
of a total stranger.—Well, I did not know
what to think—it was hard to be talking
ill of my own, and I could not but grieve
for my poor master’s fine estate, all torn
by these vultures of the law; so I said
nothing, but just looked on to see how
it would all end.

It was not till the month of June that
he and my lady came down to the country.
—My master was pleased to take me aside I1r 113
aside with him to the brewhouse that same
evening, to complain to me of my son and
other matters, in which he said he was
confident I had neither art nor part: he
said a great deal more to me, to whom he
had been fond to talk ever since he was
my white-headed boy before he came to
the estate, and all that he said about poor
Judy I can never forget, but scorn to repeat.
—He did not say an unkind word
of my lady, but wondered, as well he
might, her relations would do nothing for
him or her, and they in all this great distress.
—He did not take any thing long to
heart, let it be as it would, and had no
more malice or thought of the like in him
than the child that can’t speak; this night
it was all out of his head before he went
to his bed.—He took his jug of whiskey
punch—My lady was grown quite easy I about I1v 114
about the whiskey punch by this time, and
so I did suppose all was going on right
betwixt them, till I learnt the truth through
Mrs. Jane, who talked over their affairs
to the housekeeper, and I within hearing.
The night my master came home, thinking
of nothing at all, but just making
merry, he drank his bumper toast “to
the deserts of that old curmudgeon my
father-in-law, and all enemies at Mount
Juliet’s town
.”
—Now my lady was no
longer in the mind she formerly was, and
did no ways relish hearing her own friends
abused in her presence, she said.—“Then
why don’t they shew themselves your
friends,”
(said my master,) “and oblige me
with the loan of the money I condescended,
by your advice, my dear, to ask?—
It’s now three posts since I sent off my
letter, desiring in the postscript a speedy answer I2r 115
answer by the return of the post, and no
account at all from them yet.”
“I expect
they’ll write to me next post,”
says
my lady, and that was all that passed
then; but it was easy from this to guess
there was a coolness betwixt them, and
with good cause.

The next morning being post day, I
sent of the gossoon early to the post-
office to see was there any letter likely to
set matters to rights, and he brought back
one with the proper post-mark upon it,
sure enough, and I had no time to examine,
or make any conjecture more about
it, for into the servants’ hall pops Mrs.
Jane
with a blue bandbox in her hand,
quite entirely mad.—“Dear Ma’am, and
what’s the matter?”
says I.—“Matter
enough,”
(says she) “don’t you see my bandbox
is wet through, and my best bonnet I2 here I2v 116
here spoiled, besides my lady’s, and all
by the rain coming in through that gallery
window, that you might have got mended
if you’d had any sense, Thady, all the
time we were in town in the winter.”

“Sure I could not get the glazier,
Ma’am,”
says I.—“You might have
stopped it up any how,”
says she.—“So
I did, Ma’am, to the best of my ability,
one of the panes with the old pillow-case,
and the other with a piece of the old stage
green curtain—sure I was as careful as possible
all the time you were away, and not
a drop of rain came in at that window of
all the windows in the house, all winter,
Ma’am, when under my care; and now the
family’s come home, and it’s summer time,
I never thought no more about it to be
sure—but dear, it’s a pity to think of your
bonnet, Ma’am,—but here’s what will please I3r 117
please you, Ma’am, a letter from Mount
Juliet’s town
for my lady.”
With that
she snatches it from me without a word
more, and runs up the back stairs to my
mistress; I follows with a slate to make
up the window—this window was in the
long passage, or gallery, as my lady gave
out orders to have it called, in the gallery
leading to my master’s bed-chamber
and her’s, and when I went up with the
slate, the door having no lock, and the
bolt spoilt, was a-jar after Mrs. Jane,
and as I was busy with the window, I
heard all that was saying within.

“Well, what’s in your letter, Bella,
my dear?”
(says he) “you’re a long time
spelling it over.”
“Won’t you shave
this morning, Sir Condy,”
says she, and
put the letter in her pocket.—“I shaved
the day before yesterday,”
(says he) “my I3 dear, I3v 118
dear,and that’s not what I’m thinking of now—
but any thing to oblige you, and to have
peace and quietness, my dear”
—and presently
I had a glimpse of him at the
cracked glass over the chimney-piece,
standing up shaving himself to please my
lady.—But she took no notice, but went
on reading her book, and Mrs. Jane doing
her hair behind.—“What is it you’re
reading there, my dear?—phoo, I’ve cut
myself with this razor; the man’s a cheat
that sold it me, but I have not paid him
for it yet—What is it you’re reading there?
did you hear me asking you, my dear?”

“The sorrows of Werter,” replies my
lady, as well as I could hear.—“I think
more of the sorrows of Sir Condy,”
(says
my master, joking like).—“What news
from Mount Juliet’s town?”
“No news,”
(says she) “but the old story over again; my I4r 119
my friends all reproaching me still for
what I can’ help now.”
“Is it for marrying
me,”
(said my master, still shaving)
“what signifies, as you say, talking of that
when it can’t be helped now.”

With that she heaved a great sigh, that
I heard plain enough in the passage.—
“And did not you use me basely, Sir
Condy
,”
(says she) “not to tell me you were
ruined before I married you?”
“Tell
you, my dear,”
(said he) “did you ever ask
me one word about it? and had not you
friends enough of your own, that were
telling you nothing else from morning to
night, if you’d have listened to them
slanders.”
“No slanders, nor are my
friends slanderers; and I can’t bear to
hear them treated with disrespect as I do,”

(says my lady, and took out her pocket
handkerchief)—“they are the best of friends, I4 and I4v 120
and if I had taken their advice—But my
father was wrong to lock me up, I own;
that was the only unkind thing I can
charge him with; for if he had not locked
me up, I should never have had a serious
thought of running away as I did.”

“Well, my dear,” (said my master) “don’t
cry and make yourself uneasy about it
now, when it’s all over, and you have the
man of your own choice in spite of ’em
all.”
“I was too young, I know, to
make a choice at the time you ran away
with me, I’m sure,”
says my lady, and
another sigh, which made my master,
half shaved as he was, turn round
upon her in surprise—“Why Bella,”
(says he) “you can’t deny what you know
as well as I do, that it was at your own
particular desire, and that twice under
your own hand and seal expressed, that I
should carry you off as I did to Scotland, and I5r 121
and marry you there.”
“Well, say no
more about it, Sir Condy,”
(said my lady,
pettish like)—“I was a child then, you
know.”
“And as far as I know, you’re
little better now, my dear Bella, to be
talking in this manner to your husband’s
face; but I won’t take it ill of you, you, for I
know it’s something in that letter you put
in your pocket just now, that has set you
against me all on a sudden, and imposed
upon your understanding.”
“It is not
so very easy as you think it, Sir Condy,
to impose upon my understanding”
, (said
my lady)—“My dear,” (says he) “I have,
and with reason, the best opinion of your
understanding of any man now breathing,
and you know I have never set my own
in competition with it; till now, my dear
Bella,”
(says he, taking her hand from her
book as kind as could be,) “till now— when I5v 122
when I have the great advantage of being
quite cool, and you not; so don’t believe
one word your friends say against your
own Sir Condy, and lend me the letter
out of your pocket, till I see what it is
they can have to say.”
“Take it then,”
(says she,) “and as you are quite cool, I
hope it is a proper time to request you’ll
allow me to comply with the wishes of
all my own friends, and return to live
with my father and family, during the
remainder of my wretched existence, at
Mount Juliet’s Town.”

At this my poor master fell back a
few paces, like one that had been shot—
“You’re not serious, Bella,” (says he) “and
could you find it in your heart to leave me
this way in the very middle of my dis—
tresses, all alone?”
—But recollecting himself
after his first surprise, and a moment’sment’s I6r 123
time for reflection, he said, with
a great deal of consideration for my lady
“Well, Bella, my dear, I believe you
are right; for what could you do at Castle
Rackrent
, and an execution against the
goods coming down, and the furniture
to be canted, and an auction in the house
all next week—so you have my full consent
to go, since that is your desire, only
you must not think of my accompanying
you, which I could not in honour do upon
the terms I always have been since our
marriage with your friends; besides I have
business to transact at home—so in the
mean time, if we are to have any breakfast
this morning, let us go down and
have it for the last time in peace and
comfort, Bella.”

Then as I heard my master coming to
the passage door, I finished fastening up my I6v 124
my slate against the broken pane, and
when he came out, I wiped down the
window seat with my wig, bade him a
good morrow as kindly as I could, seeing
he was in trouble, though he strove and
thought to hide it from me.—“This windowdow I7r 125
is all racked and tattered,”
(says I,)
“and it’s what I’m striving to mend.”
“It is all racked and tattered plain
enough,”
(says he) “and never mind mending
it, honest old Thady,”
says he, “it will
do well enough for you and I, and that’s
all the company we shall have left in
the house by-and-bye.”
“I’m sorry to
see your honour so low this morning,”

(says I,) “but you’ll be better after taking
your breakfast.”
“Step down to the
servant’s hall,”
(says he) “and bring me up
the pen and ink into the parlour, and get
a sheet of paper from Mrs. Jane, for I
have business that can’t brook to be delayed,
and come into the parlour with
the pen and ink yourself, Thady, for I
must have you to witness my signing a
paper I have to execute in a hurry.”

Well, while I was getting of the pen and ink- I7v 126
ink-horn, and the sheet of paper, I ransacked
my brains to think what could
be the papers my poor master could have
to execute in such a hurry, he that never
thought of such a thing as doing business
afore breakfast in the whole course of his
life for any man living—but this was
for my lady, as I afterwards found, and
the more genteel of him after all her
treatment.

I was just witnessing the paper that
he had scrawled over, and was shaking
the ink out of my pen upon the carpet,
when my lady came in to breakfast, and
she started as if it had been a ghost, as
well she might, when she saw Sir Condy
writing at this unseasonable hour.—
“That will do very well, Thady,” says
he to me, and took the paper I had
signed to, without knowing what upon the earth I8r 127
earth it might be, out of my hands, and
walked, folding it up, to my lady—

“You are concerned in this, my lady
Rackrent,”
(says he, putting it into her
hands,) “and I beg you’ll keep this memorandum
safe, and shew it to your friends
the first thing you do when you get
home, but put it in your pocket now,
my dear, and let us eat our breakfast, in
God’s name.”
“What is all this?” said
my lady, opening the paper in great curiosity
“It’s only a bit of a memorandum
of what I think becomes me to do
whenever I am able,”
(says my master);
“you know my situation, tied hand and
foot at the present time being, but that
can’t last always, and when I’m dead
and gone, the land will be to the good,
Thady, you know; and take notice it’s
my intention your lady should have a clear I8v 128
clear five hundred a year jointure off the
estate, afore any of my debts are paid.”

“Oh, please your honour,” says I, “I can’t
expect to live to see that time, being
now upwards of fourscore and ten years
of age, and you a young man, and likely
to continue so, by the help of God.”
—I
was vexed to see my lady so insensible
too, for al she said was—“This is very
genteel of you, Sir Condy—You need not
wait any longer, Thady”
—so I just picked
up the pen and ink that had tumbled
on the floor, and heard my master finish
with saying—“You behaved very genteel
to me, my dear, when you threw all
the little you had in your own power,
along with yourself, into my hands; and
and as I don’t deny but what you may
have had some things to complain of,”

(to be sure he was thinking then of Judy, or K1r 129
or of the whiskey punch, one or t’other,
or both); “and as I don’t deny but you
may have had something to complain
of, my dear, it is but fair you should
have something in the form of compensation
to look forward to agreeably in
future; besides it’s an act of justice to
myself, that none of your friends, my
dear, may ever have it to say against
me I married for money, and not for
love.”
“That is the last thing I should
ever have thought of saying of you, Sir
Condy
,”
said my lady, looking very gracious

cious.—“Then, my dear,” (said Sir Condy)
“we shall part as good friends as we met,
so, all’s right.”

I was greatly rejoiced to hear this, and
went out of the parlour to report it all
to the kitchen.—The next morning my
lady and Mrs. Jane set out for Mount K Juliets K1v 130
Juliet’s
town in the jaunting car; many
wondered at my lady’s chusing to go
away, considering all things, upon the
jaunting car, as if it was only a party of
pleasure; but they did not know till I
told them, that the coach was all broke
in the journey down, and no other vehicle
but the car to be had; besides, my lady’s
friends were to send their coach to meet
her at the cross roads—so it was all done
very proper.

My poor master was in great trouble
after my lady left us.—The execution
came down, and every thing at Castle
Rackrent
was seized by the gripers,
and my son Jason, to his shame be it
spoken, amongst them—I wondered, for
the life of me, how he could harden himself
to do it, but then he had been studying
the law, and had made himself attorneytorney K2r 131
Quirk; so he brought down at
once a heap of accounts upon my master’s
head—To Cash lent, and to ditto, and to
ditto, and to ditto, and oats, and bills paid
at the milliner’s and linen-draper’s, and
many dresses for the fancy balls in Dublin
for my lady, and all the bills to the
workmen and tradesmen for the scenery
of the theatre, and the chandler’s and
grocer’s bills, and taylor’s, besides butcher’s
and baker’s, and worse than all, the old
one of that base wine-merchant’s, that wanted
to arrest my poor master for the amount
on the election day, for which amount
Sir Condy afterwards passed his note of
hand, bearing lawful interest from the
date thereof; and the interest and compound
interest was now mounted to a
terrible deal on many other notes and
bonds for money borrowed, and there was K2 besides K2v 132
besides hush-money to the sub-sheriffs,
and sheets upon sheets of old and new
attornies’ bills, with heavy balances, as
per former account furnished
, brought
forward with interest thereon; then there
was a powerful deal due to the Crown
for sixteen years arrear of quit-rent of the
town lands of Carrickshaughlin, with drivers’
fees, and a compliment to the receiver
every year for letting the quit-rent
run on, to oblige Sir Condy and Sir Kit
afore him.—Then there was bills for spirits,
and ribbons at the election time,
and the gentlemen of the Committee’s
accounts unsettled, and their subscriptions
never gathered; and there was cows
to be paid for, with the smith and farrier’s
bills to be set against the rent of the demesne,
with calf and hay-money: then
there was all the servants’ wages, since I don’t K3r 133
don’t know when coming due to them,
and sums advanced for them by my son
Jason for clothes, and boots, and whips,
and odd monies for sundries expended
by them in journies to town and elsewhere,
and pocket-money for the master
continually, and messengers and postage
before his being a parliament man—I
can’t myself tell you what besides; but
this I know, that when the evening came
on the which Sir Condy had appointed to
settle all with my son Jason; and when
he comes into the parlour, and sees the
sight of bills and load of papers all gathered
on the great dining table for him,
he puts his hands before both his eyes,
and cries out—“Merciful Jasus! what
is it I see before me!”
—The I sets an
arm chair at the table for him, and with
a deal of difficulty he sits him down, and K3 my K3v 134
my son Jason hands him over the pen and
ink to sign to this man’s bill and t’other
man’s bill, all which he did without making
the least objections; indeed, to give him
his due, I never seen a man more fair,
and honest, and easy in all his dealings,
from first to last, as Sir Condy, or more
willing to pay every man his own as far
as he was able, which is as much as
any one can do.—“Well,” (says he, joking
like with Jason) “I wish we could
settle it all with a stroke of my grey-
goose-quill.—What signifies making me
wade through all this ocean of papers
here; can’t you now, who understand
drawing out an account, Debtor and Creditor,
just sit down here at the corner of
the table, and get it done out for me,
that I may have a clear view of the balance,
which is all I need to be talking about, you K4r 135
you know?”
“Very true, Sir Condy, nobody
understands business better than
yourself?”
says Jason“So I’ve a right
to do, being born and bread to the bar,”

(says Sir Condy)—“Thady, do step out and
see are they bringing in the tings for the
punch, for we’ve just done all we have
to do for this evening.”
—I goes out accordingly,
and when I came back, Jason
was pointing to the balance, which was
a terrible sight to my poor master.—
“Pooh! pooh! pooh!” (says he) “here’s so
many noughts they dazzle my eyes, so
they do, and put me in mind of all I suffered,
larning of my numeration table,
when I was a boy, at the day-school along
with you, Jason—Units, then, hundreds,
tens of hundreds.—Is the punch ready,
Thady?”
says he, seeing me—“Immediately,
the boy has the jug in his hand; K4 it’s K4v 136
it’s coming up stairs, please your honour,
as fast as possible,”
says I, for I saw
his honour was tired out of his life, but
Jason, very short and cruel, cuts me off
with—“Don’t be talking of punch yet a
while, it’s no time for punch yet a bit—
Units, tens, hundreds, goes he on, counting
over the master’s shoulder—units, tens,
hundreds, thousands”
“A-a-agh! hold
your hand,”
(cries my master,) “where in this
wide world am I to find hundreds, or units
itself, let alone thousands.”
“The balance
has been running on too long,”
(says
Jason, sticking to him as I could not have
done at the time if you’d have given both
the Indies and Cork to boot); “the balance
has been running on too long, and I’m
distressed myself on your account, Sir
Condy
, for money, and the thing must be
settled now on the spot, and the balance cleared K5r 137
cleared off,”
says Jason. “I’ll thank
you, if you’ll only shew me how,”
says
Sir Condy.—“There’s but one way,” (says
Jason) “and that’s ready enough; when
there’s no cash, what can a gentleman
do but go to the land?”
“How can
you go to the land, and it under custodiam
to yourself already,”
(says Sir Condy)
“and another custodiam hanging over it?
and no one at all can touch it, you know,
but the custodees.”
“Sure can’t you sell,
though at a loss?—sure you can sell, and
I’ve a purchaser ready for you,”
says Jason.
“Have ye so?” (said Sir Condy)
“that’s a great point gained; but there’s a
thing now beyond all, that perhaps you
don’t know yet, barring Thady has let
you into the secret.”
“Sarrah bit of a
sacret, or any thing at all of the kind
has he learned from me these fifteen weeks K5v 138
weeks come St. John’s eve,”
(says I) “for
we have scarce been upon speaking terms
of late—but what is it your honor means
of a secret?”
“Why the secret of the little
keepsake I gave my lady Rackrent the
morning she left us, that she might not go
back empty-handed to her friends.”

“My lady Rackrent, I’m sure, has baubles
and keepsakes enough, as those bills
on the table will shew,”
(says Jason); “but
whatever it is,”
(says he, taking up his
pen) “we must add it to the balance, for
to be sure it can’t be paid for.”
“No,
nor can’t till after my decease,”
(said Sir
Condy
) “that’s one good thing.”—Then
coloring up a good deal, he tells Jason of
the memorandum of the five hundred a
year jointure he had settled upon my lady;
at which Jason was indeed mad, and
said a great deal in very high words, that it K6r 139
it was using a gentleman who had the
management of his affairs, and was moreover
his principal creditor, extremely ill,
to do such a thing without consulting him,
and against his knowledge and consent.
To all which Sir Condy had nothing to
reply, but that, upon his conscience, it
was in a hurry, and without a moment’s
thought on his part, and he was very
sorry for it, but if it was to do over again
he would do the same; and he appealed
to me, and I was ready to give my evidence,
if that would do, to the truth of
all he said.

So Jason with much ado was brought
to agree to a compromise.—“The purchaser
that I have ready”
(says he) “will be
much displeased to be sure at the incumbrance
on the land, but I must see and
manage him—here’s a deed ready drawn up K6v 140
up—we have nothing to do but to put in
the consideration money and our names
to it.—And how much am I going to sell?
—the lands of O’Shaughlin’s-town,
and the lands of Gruneaghoolaghan, and
the lands of Crookaghnawaturgh,”
(says
he, just reading to himself)—and—“Oh,
murder, Jason!—sure you won’t put this
in—the castle, stable, and appurtenances
of Castle Rackrent—Oh, murder!”
(says
I, clapping my hands) “this is too bad,
Jason.”
“Why so?” (said Jason) “when
it’s all, and a great deal more to the back
of it, lawfully mine was I to push for it.”

“Look at him” (says I, pointing to Sir
Condy
, who was [Gap in transcription—2 lettersobscured]st leaning back in his
arm chair, with his arms falling beside
him like one stupified) “is it you, Jason,
that can stand in his presence and recollect
all he has been to us, and all we have been K7r 141
been to him, and yet use him so at the
last?”
“Who will he find to use him
better, I ask you?”
(said Jason)—“If he
can get a better purchaser, I’m content;
I only offer to purchase to make things
easy and oblige him—though I don’t see
what compliment I am under, if you
come to that; I have never had, asked,
or charged more than sixpence in the
pound receiver’s fees, and where would
he have got an agent for a penny less?”

“Oh Jason! Jason! how will you stand
to this in the face of the county, and all
who know you,”
(says I); “and what will
people tink and say, when they see you
living here in Castle Rackrent, and the
lawful owner turned out of the seat of his
ancestors, without a cabin to put his head
into, or so much as a potatoe to eat?”

Jason, whilst I was saying this and a great K7v 142
great deal more, made me signs, and
winks, and frowns; but I took no heed,
for I was grieved and sick at heart for
my poor master, and couldn’t but speak.

“Here’s the punch!” (says Jason, for
the door opened)—“here’s the punch!”
Hearing that, my master starts up in his
chair and recollects himself, and Jason
uncorks the whiskey—“Set down the
jug here,”
says he, making room for it
beside the papers opposite to Sir Condy,
but still not stirring the deed that was to
make over all. Well, I was in great
hopes he had some touch of mercy about
him, when I saw him making the punch,
and my master took a glass; but Jason
put it back as he was going to fill again,
saying, “No, Sir Condy, it shan’t be said
of me, I got your signature to this deed
when you were half-seas over; you know, your K8r 143
your name and hand-writing in that condition
would not, if brought before the
courts, benefit me a straw, wherefore let
us settle all before we go deeper in the
punch-bowl.”
“Settle all as you will,”
(said Sir Condy, clapping his hands to his
ears) “but let me hear no more, I’m bothered
to death this night.”
“You’ve
only to sign,”
said Jason, putting the pen
to him.—“Take all and be content,”
said my master—So he signed—and the
man who brought in the punch witnessed
it, for I was not able, but crying like a
child; and besides Jason said, which I
was glad of, that I was no fit witness,
being so old and doating. It was so bad
with me, I could not taste a drop of the
punch itself, though my master himself,
God bless him! in the midst of his trouble,
poured out a glass for me and brought it K8v 144
it up to my lips.—“Not a drop, I thank
your honor’s honor as much as if I took
it though,”
and I just set down the glass
as it was and went out; and when I got
to the street door, the neighbour’s childer
who were playing at marbles there, seeing
me in great trouble, left their play,
and gathered about me to know what
ailed me; and I told them all, for it was
a great relief to me to speak to these poor
childer, that seemed to have some natural
feeling left in them: and when they were
made sensible that Sir Condy was going
to leave Castle Rackrent for good and
all, they set up a whillalu that could be
heard to the farthest end of the street;
and one fine boy he was, that my master
had given an apple to that morning, cried
the loudest, but they all were the same
sorry, for Sir Condy was greatly beloved amongst L1r 145
amongst the childer for letting them go
a nutting in the demesne without saying a
word to them, though my lady objected
to them.—The people in the town who
were the most of them standing at their
doors, hearing the childer cry, would
know the reason of it; and when the report
was made known, the people one and
all gathered in great anger against my son
Jason, and terror at the notion of his
coming to be landlord over them, and
they cried, No Jason! No Jason!—Sir
Condy
! Sir Condy! Sir Condy Rackrent
for ever! and the mob grew so great and
so loud I was frighted, and made my way
back to the house to warn my son to
make his escape, or hide himself for fear
of the consequences.—Jason would not
believe me, till they came all round the L house L1v 146
house and to the windows with great
shouts—then he grew quite pale, and
asked Sir Condy what had he best do?—
“I’ll tell you what you’d best do,” (said
Sir Condy, who was laughing to see his
fright) “finish your glass first, then let’s go
to the window and shew ourselves, and
I’ll tell ’em, or you shall if you please,
that I’m going to the Lodge for change of
air for my health, and by my own desire,
for the rest of my days.”
“Do so,” said
Jason, who never meant it should have
been so, but could not refuse him the
Lodge at this unseasonable time. Accordingly
Sir Condy threw up the sash and
explained matters, and thanked all his
friends, and bid ’em look in at the punch
bowl, and observe that Jason and he had
been sitting over it very good friends; so
the mob was content, and he sent ’em
out some whiskey to drink his health, and that L2r 147
that was the last time his honor’s health
was ever drank at Castle Rackrent.

The very next day, being too proud,
as he said to me, to stay an hour longer
in a house that did not belong to him, he
sets off to the Lodge, and I along with
him not many hours after. And there
was a great bemoaning through all O’Shaughlin’s
town
, which I stayed to witness, and
gave my poor master a full account of
when I got to the Lodge.—He was very
low and in his bed when I got there, and
complained of a great pain about his heart,
but I guessed it was only trouble, and all
the business, let alone vexation, he had
gone through of late; and knowing the
nature of him from a boy, I took my
pipe, and while smoking it by the chimney,
began telling him how he was beloved
and regretted in the county, and it L2 did L2v 148
did him a deal of good to hear it.—
“Your honor has a great many friends
yet that you don’t know of, rich and poor,
in the county”
(says I); “for as I was coming
along on the road I met two gentlemen in
their own carriages, who asked after you,
knowing me, and wanted to know where
you was, and all about you, and even
how old I was—think of that.”
—Then he
wakened out of his doze, and began
questioning me who the gentlemen were.
And the next morning it came into my
head to go, unknown to any body, with
my master’s compliments round to many
of the gentlemen’s houses where he and
my lady used to visit, and people that I
knew were his great friends, and would
go to Cork to serve him any day in the
year, and I made bold to try to borrow a
trifle of cash from them.—They all treated me L3r 149
me very civil for the most part, and asked
a great many questions very kind about
my lady and Sir Condy and all the family,
and were greatly surprised to learn from
me Castle Rackrent was sold, and my
master at the Lodge for his health; and
they all pitied him greatly, and he had
their good wishes of that would do, but
money was a thing they unfortunately had
not any of them at this time to spare. I
had my journey for my pains, and I, not
used to walking, nor supple as formerly,
was greatly tired, but had the satisfaction
of telling my master when I got to the
Lodge all the civil things said by high
and low.

“Thady,” (says he) “all you’ve been telling
me brings a strange thought into my
head; I’ve a notion I shall not be long
for this world any how, and I’ve a great L3 fancy L3v 150
fancy to see my own funeral afore I die.”

I was greatly ahockedshocked at the first speaking
to hear him speak so light about his
funeral, and he to all appearance in good
health, but recollecting myself, answered
“To be sure it would be a fine sight
as one could see, I dared to say, and one
I should be proud to witness, and I did
not doubt his honor’s would be as great a
funeral as ever Sir Patrick O’Shaughlin’s
was, and such a one as that had never
been known in the county afore or since.”

But I never thought he was in earnest
about seeing his own funeral himself, till
the next day he returns to it again.—
“Thady,” (says he) “as far as the wake
goes, sure I might without any great trouble L4r 151
trouble have the satisfaction of seeing a
bit of my own funeral.”
“Well, since
your honor’s honor’s so bent upon it,”
(says
I, not willing to cross him, and he in
trouble) “we must see what we can do.”
So he fell into a sort of sham disorder,
which was easy done, as he kept his bed
and no one to see him; and I got my
shister, who was an old woman very handy
about the sick, and very skilful, to come
up to the Lodge to nurse him; and we
gave out, she knowing no better, that he
was just at his latter end, and it answered
beyond any thing; and there was a great
throng of people, men, women and childer,
and there being only two rooms at
the Lodge, except what was locked up
full of Jason’s furniture and things, the
house was soon as full and fuller than it L4 could L4v 152
could hold, and the heat, and smoke, and
noise wonderful great; and standing
amongst them that were near the bed,
but not thinking at all of the dead, I was
started by the sound of my master’s voice
from under the great coats that had been
thrown all at top, and I went close up,
no one noticing.—“Thady,” (says he) “I’ve
had enough of this, I’m smothering, and
I can’t hear a word of all they’re saying
of the deceased.”
“God bless you, and
lie still quiet”
(says I) “a bit longer, for my
shister’s afraid of ghosts, and would die
on the spot with the fright, was she to
see you come to life all on a sudden this
way without the least preparation.”
—So
he lays him still, though well nigh stifled,
and I made all haste to tell the secret of
the joke, whispering to one and t’other,
and there was a great surprise, but not
so great as we had laid out it would.— “And L5r 153
“And aren’t we to have the pipes and
tobacco, after coming so far to-night,”

says some; but they were all well enough
pleased when his honor got up to drink
with them, and sent for more spirits from
a shebean-house, where they very civilly
let him have it upon credit—so the
night passed off very merrily, but to my
mind Sir Condy was rather upon the sad
order in the midst of it all, not finding
there had been such a great talk about
himself after his death as he had always
expected to hear.

The next morning when the house was
cleared of them, and none but my shister
and myself left in the kitchen with Sir
Condy
, one opens the door and walks in,
and who should it be but Judy McQuirk herself. L5v 154
herself.—I forgot to notice that she had
been married long since, whilst young
Captain Moneygawl lived at the Lodge,
to the Captain’s huntsman, who after a
while listed and left her, and was killed
in the wars. Poor Judy fell off greatly in
her good looks after her being married a
year or two, and being smoke-dried in
the cabin and neglecting herself like, it
was hard for Sir Condy himself to know
her again till she spoke; but when she
says, “It’s Judy McQuirk, please your
honor, don’t you remember her?”
“Oh,
Judy, is it you?”
(says his honor)—“yes,
sure I remember you very well—but
you’re greatly altered, Judy.”
“Sure it’s
time for me,”
(says she) “and I think your
honor since I seen you last, but that’s a
great while ago, is altered too.”
“And
with reason, Judy,”
(says Sir Condy, fetchinging L6r 155
a sort of sigh)—“but how’s this, Judy,”
(he goes on) “I take it a little amiss of you
that you were not at my wake last night?”

“Ah, don’t be being jealous of that,”
(says she) “I did’nt hear a sentence of your
honor’s wake till it was all over, or it
would have gone hard with me but I
would have been at it sure—but I was
forced to go ten miles up the country
three days ago to a wedding of a relation
of my own’s, and didn’t get home till
after the wake was over; but”
(says she)
“it won’t be so, I hope, the next time,
please your honor.”
“That we shall
see, Judy,”
(says his honor) “and may be sooner L6v 156
sooner than you think for, for I’ve been
very unwell this while past, and don’t
reckon any way I’m long for this world.”

At this Judy takes up the corner of her
apron, and puts it first to one eye and
then to t’other, being to all appearance in
great trouble; and my shister put in her
word, and bit his honor have a good
heart, for she was sure it was only the
gout that Sir Patrick used to have flying
about him, and that he ought to drink a
glass or a bottle extraordinary to keep it
out of his stomach, and he promised to
take her advice, and sent out for more
spirits immediately; and Judy made a sign
to me, and I went over to the door to
her, and she said—“I wonder to see Sir
Condy
so low!—Has he heard the news?”

“What news?” says I.—“Did’nt ye
hear it, then?”
(says she) “my lady Rackrentrent L7r 157
that was is kilt and lying for dead,
and I don’t doubt but it’s all over with her
by this time.”
“Mercy on us all,” (says
I) “how was it?”“The jaunting car, it
was that that ran away with her,”
(says
Judy).—“I was coming home that same
time from Biddy McGuggin’s marriage,
and a great crowd of people too upon the
road coming from the fair of Crookaghnawatur,
and I sees a jaunting car standing in
the middle of the road, and with the two
wheels off and all tattered.—What’s this?
says I.”
“Did’nt ye hear of it?” (says they
that were looking on) “it’s my lady Rackrent’s
car that was running away from her
husband, and the horse took fright at a
carrion that lay across the road, and so
ran away with the jaunting car, and my
lady Rackrent and her maid screaming,
and the horse ran with them against a car L7v 158
car that was coming from the fair, with
the boy asleep on it, and the lady’s petticoat
hanging out of the jaunting car
caught, and she was dragged I can’t tell
you how far upon the road, and it all
broken up with the stones just going to
be pounded, and one of the road makers
with his sledge hammer in his hand stops
the horse at the last; but my lady Rackrent
was all kilt and smashed, and they lifted L8r 159
lifted her into a cabin hard by, and the
maid was found after, where she had
been thrown, in the gripe of the ditch,
her cap and bonnet all full of bog water—
and they say my lady can’t live any way.
Thady, pray now is it true what I’m told
for sartain that Sir Condy has made over
all to your son Jason?”
“All,” says I.—
“All entirely,” says she again.—“All
entirely,”
says I.—“Then” (says she)
“that’s a great shame, but don’t be telling
Jason what I say.”
“And what
is it you say?”
(cries Sir Condy, leaning
over betwixt us, which made Judy start
greatly)—“I know the time when Judy
McQuirk
would never have stayed so long
talking at the door, and I in the house.”

“Oh,” (says Judy) “for shame, Sir Condy, times L8v 160
times are altered since then, and it’s my
lady Rackrent you ought to be thinking
of.”
“And why should I be thinking of
her, that’s not thinking of me now?”
says
Sir Condy.—“No matter for that,” (says
Judy, very properly) “it’s time you should
be thinking of her if ever you mean to do
it at all, for don’t you know she’s lying
for death?”
“My lady Rackrent!” (says
Sir Condy in a surprise) “why it’s but two
days since we parted, as you very well
know, Thady, in her full health and spirits,
and she and her maid along with her
going to Mount Juliet’s town on her
jaunting car.”
“She’ll never ride no
more on her jaunting car,”
(said Judy)
“for it has been the death of her sure
enough.”
“And is she dead then?” says
his honor.—“As good as dead, I hear,”
(says Judy) “but there’s Thady here has just M1r 161
just learnt the whole truth of the story as
I had it, and it is fitter he or any body
else should be telling it you than I, Sir
Condy
—I must be going home to the
childer.”
—But he stops her, but rather
from civility in him, as I could see very
plainly, than any thing else, for Judy was,
as his honor remarked, at her first coming
in, greatly changed, and little likely, as
far as I could see—though she did not
seem to be clear of it herself—little likely
to be my lady Rackrent now, should
there be a second toss-up to be made.—
But I told him the whole story out of the
face, just as Judy had told it to me, and
he sent off a messenger with his compliments
to Mount Juliet’s town that evening
to learn the truth of the report, and
Judy bid the boy that was going call in
at Tim McEnerney’s shop in O’Shaughlin’sM lin’s M1v 162
town
and buy her a new shawl.—
“Do so,” (says Sir Condy) “and tell Tim
to take no money from you, for I must
pay him for the shawl myself.”
—At this
my shister throws me over a look, and I
says nothing, but turned the tobacco in
my mouth, whilst Judy began making a
many words about it, and saying how she
could not be beholden for shawls by any
gentleman. I left her there to consult
with my shister, did she think there was
any thing in it, and my shister thought I
was blind to be asking her the question,
and I thought my shister must see more
into it than I did, and recollecting all
past times and every thing, I changed
my mind, and came over to her way of
thinking, and we settled it that Judy was
very like to be my lady Rackrent after
all, if a vacancy should have happened.

The M2r 163

The next day, before his honor was
up, somebody comes with a double knock
at the door, and I was greatly surprised
to see it was son Jason.—“Jason, is
it you?”
(says I) “what brings you to the
Lodge?”
(says I) “is it my lady Rackrent?
we know that already since yesterday.”

“May be so,” (says he) “but I must see
Sir Condy about it.”
“You can’t see
him yet,”
(says I) “sure he is not awake.”
“What then,” (says he) “can’t he be
wakened? and I standing at the door.”

“I’ll not be disturbing his honor for you,
Jason”
(says I); “many’s the hour you’ve
waited in your time, and been proud to
do it, till his honor was at leisure to speak
to you.—His honor,”
says I, raising my
voice—at which his honor wakens of his
own accord, and calls to me from the
room to know who it was I was speaking M2 to M2v 164
to. Jason made no more ceremony, but
follows me into the room.—“How are
you, Sir Condy,”
(says he) “I’m happy to
see you looking so well; I came up to
know how you did to-day, and to see did
you want for any thing at the Lodge.”

“Nothing at all, Mr. Jason, I thank
you,”
(says he, for his honor dad his own
share of pride, and did not chuse, after
all that had passed, to be beholden, I
suppose, to my son)—“but pray take a
chair and be seated, Mr. Jason.”
Jason
sat him down upon the chest, for chair
there was none, and after he had sat there
some time, and a silence on all sides—
“What news is there stirring in the country,
Mr. Jason McQuirk?”
says Sir Condy,
very easy, yet high like.—“None that’s
news to you, Sir Condy, I hear”
(says Jason)
“I am sorry to hear of my lady Rackrent’s accident.” M3r 165
accident.”
“I am much obliged to you,
and so is her ladyship, I’m sure,”
answers
Sir Condy, still stiff; and there was another
sort of silence, which seemed to
lie the heaviest on my son Jason.

“Sir Condy,” (says he at last, seeing
Sir Condy disposing himself to go to sleep
again) “Sir Condy, I dare say you recollect
mentioning to me the little memorandum
you gave to lady Rackrent about the
£. 500 a year jointure.”
“Very true,”
(said Sir Condy) “it is all in my recollection.”
“But if my lady Rackrent dies
there’s an end of all jointure,”
says Jason.
“Of course,” says Sir Condy.—“But
it’s not a matter of certainty that my lady
Rackrent won’t recover,”
says Jason.—
“Very true, Sir,” says my master.—
“It’s a fair speculation then, for you to
consider what the chance of the jointure M3 on M3v 166
on those lands when out of custodiam will
be to you.”
“Just five hundred a year,
I take it, without any speculation at all,”

said Sir Condy.—“That’s supposing the
life dropt and the custodiam off, you
know, begging your pardon, Sir Condy,
who understand business, that is a wrong
calculation.”
“Very likely so,” (said Sir
Condy
) “but Mr. Jason, if you have any
thing to say to me this morning about it,
I’d be obliged to you to say it, for I had
an indifferent night’s rest last night, and
wouldn’t be sorry to sleep a little this
morning.”
“I have only three words to
say, and those more of consequence to
you, Sir Condy, than me. You are a
little cool, I observe, but I hope you will
not be offended at what I have brought
here in my pocket,”
—and he pulls out
two long rolls, and showers down golden guineas M4r 167
guineas upon the bed. “What’s this?”
(said Sir Condy) “it’s long since”—but his
pride stops him—“All these are your
lawful property this minute, Sir Condy, if
you please,”
said Jason.—“Not for nothing,
I’m sure,”
(said Sir Condy, and
laughs a little)—“nothing for nothing, or
I’m under a mistake with you, Jason.”

“Oh, Sir Condy, we’ll not be indulging
ourselves in any unpleasant retrospects,”

(says Jason) “it’s my present intention to
behave, as I’m sure you will, like a gentleman
in this affair.—Here’s two hundred
guineas, and a third I mean to add,
if you should think proper to make over
to me all your right and title to those
lands that you know of.”
“I’ll consider
of it,”
said my master; and a great deal
more, that I was tired listening to, was
said by Jason, and all that, and the M4 sight M4v 168
sight of the ready cash upon the bed
worked with his honor; and the short and
the long of it was, Sir Condy gathered up
the golden guineas and tied up in a
handkerchief, and signed some paper Jason
brought with him as usual, and there
was an end of the business; Jason took
himself away, and my master turned himself
round and fell asleep again.

I soon found what had put Jason in
such a hurry to conclude this business.
The little gossoon we had sent off the day
before with my master’s compliments to
Mount Juliet’s town, and to know how
my lady did after her accident, was stopped
early this morning, coming back with
his answer through O’Shaughlin’s town,
at Castle Rackrent by my son Jason, and
questioned of all he knew of my lady
from the servants at Mount Juliet’s town; and M5r 169
and the gossoon told him my lady Rackrent
was not expected to live over night,
so Jason thought it high time to be moving
to the Lodge, to make his bargain with
my master about the jointure afore it should
be too late, and afore the little gossoon
should reach us with the news. My
master was greatly vexed, that is, I may
say, as much as ever I seen him, when
he found how he had been taken in; but
it was some comfort to have the ready
cash for immediate consumption in the
house any way.

And when Judy came up that evening,
and brought the childer to see his honor,
he unties the handkerchief, and God
bless him! whether it was little or much
he had, ’twas all the same with him, he
gives ’em all round guineas a-piece.—
“Hold up your head,” (says my sister to Judy, M5v 170
Judy, as Sir Condy was busy filling out a
glass of punch for her eldest boy)—“Hold
up your head, Judy, for who knows but
we may live to see you yet at the head of
the Castle Rackrent estate.”
“May be
so,”
(says she) “but not the way you are
thinking of.”
—I did not rightly understand
which way Judy was looking when she
makes this speech, till a while after.—
“Why Thady, you were telling me yesterday
that Sir Condy had sold all entirely
to Jason, and where then does all them
guineas in the handkerchief come from?”

“They are the purchase money of my
lady’s jointure,”
says I.—Judy looks a
little bit puzzled at this.—“A penny for
your thoughts, Judy,”
(says my shister)—
“hark, sure Sir Condy is drinking her
health.”
—He was at the table in the room, M6r 171
room,
drinking with the exciseman and
the gauger, who came up to see his honor,
and we were standing over the fire in the
kitchen.—“I don’t much care is he
drinking my health or not”
(says Judy),
“and it is not Sir Condy I’m thinking of,
with all your jokes, whatever he is of me.”

“Sure you wouldn’t refuse to be my lady
Rackrent, Judy, if you had the offer?”

says I.—“But if I could do better?” says
she. “How better?” says I and my shister
both at once.—“How better!” (says she)
“why what signifies it to be my lady Rackrent
and no Castle? sure what good is
the car and no horse to draw it?”

“And where will ye get the horse, Judy,”
says I.—“Never you mind that,” (says
she)—“may be it is your own son Jason
might find that.”
“Jason!” (says I) “don’t be M6v 172
be trusting to him, Judy. Sir Condy, as
I have good reason to know, spoke well of
you, when Jason spoke very indifferently
of you, Judy.”
“No matter” (says Judy),
“it’s often men speak the contrary just to
what they think of us.”
“And you the
same way of them, no doubt,”
(answers
I).—“Nay don’t be denying it, Judy, for I
think the better of ye for it, and shouldn’t
be proud to call ye the daughter of a
shister’s son of mine, if I was to hear ye
talk ungrateful, and any way disrespectful
of his honor.”
“What disrespect,”
(says she) “to say I’d rather, if it was my
luck, be the wife of another man?”

“You’ll have no luck, mind my words,
Judy,”
says I; and all I remembered
about my poor master’s goodness in tossing
up for her afore he married at all came
across me, and I had a choaking in my throat M7r 173
throat that hindered me to say more.—
“Better luck, any how, Thady,” (says
she) “that to be like some folk, following
the fortunes of them that have none left.”

“Oh King of Glory!” (says I) “hear the
pride and ungratitude of her, and he giving
his last guineas but a minute ago to
her childer, and she with the fine shawl
on her he made her a present of but yesterday!”
“Oh troth, Judy, you’re wrong
now,”
says my shister, looking at the
shawl.—“And was not he wrong yesterday
then,”
(says she) “to be telling me I
was greatly altered, to affront me.”

“But Judy,” (says I) “what is it brings
you here then at all in the mind you are
in—is it to make Jason think the better
of you?”
“Ill tell you no more of my
secrets, Thady,”
(says she) “nor would
have told you this much, had I taken you for M7v 174
for such an unnatural fader as I find you
are, not to wish your own son prefarred
to another.”
“Oh troth, you are wrong,
now, Thady,”
says my shister.—Well, I
was never so put to it in my life between
these womens, and my son and my master,
and all I felt and thought just now,
I could not upon my conscience tell which
was the wrong from the right.—So I said
not a word more, but was only glad his
honor had not the luck to hear all Judy
had been saying of him, for I reckoned
it would have gone nigh to break his
heart; not that I was of opinion he cared
for her as much as she and my shister
fancied, but the ungratitude of the whole
from Judy might not plase him, and he
could never stand the notion of not being
well spoken of or beloved like behind his
back. Fortunately for all parties concerned,cerned, M8r 175
he was so much elevated at this
time, there was no danger of his understanding
any thing, even if it had reached
his ears. There was a great horn at the
Lodge, ever since my master and Captain
Moneygawl
was in together, that used to
belong originally to the celebrated Sir
Patrick
, his ancestor, and his honor was
fond often of telling the story that he larned
from me when a child, how Sir Patrick
drank the full of this horn without stopping,
and this was what no other man
afore or since conldcould without drawing
breath.—Now Sir Condy challenged the
gauger, who seemed to think little of the
horn, to swallow the contents, and it
filled to the brim, with punch; and the
gauger said it was what he could not do
for nothing, but he’d hold Sir Condy a
hundred guineas he’d do it.—“Done,”
(says my master) “I’ll lay you a hundred golden M8v 176
golden guineas to a tester you don’t.”

“Done,” says the gauger, and done and
done’s enough between two gentlemen.
The gauger was cast, and my master won
the bet, and thought he’d won a hundred
guineas, but by the wording it was adjudged
to be only a tester that was his
due, by the exciseman. It was all one
to him, he was as well pleased, and I
was glad to see him in such spirits again.

The gauger, bad luck to him! was the
man that next proposed to my master to
try himself could he take at a draught the
contents of the great horn.—“Sir Patrick’s
horn!”
(said his honor) “hand it to
me—I’ll hold you your own bet over again
I’ll swallow it.”
“Done,” (says the gauger)ger) N1r 177
“I’ll lay ye any thing at all you do
no such thing.”
“A hundred guineas
to sixpence I do,”
(says he) “bring me the
handkerchief.”
—I was loath, knowing he
meant the handkerchief with the gold in
it, to bring it out in such company, and
his honor not very well able to reckon it.
“Bring me the handkerchief then, Thady,”
says he, and stamps with his foot; so
with that I pulls it out of my great coat
pocket, where I had put it for safety.—
Oh, how it grieved me to see the guineas
counting upon the table, and they the last
my master had. Says Sir Condy to me—
“Your hand is steadier than mine tonight,
Old Thady, and that’s a wonder;
fill you the horn for me.”
—And so wishing
his honor success, I did—but I filled
it, little thinking of what would befall
him.—He swallows it down, and drops N like N1v 178
like one shot.—We lifts him up, and he
was speechless and quite black in the face.
We put him to bed, and in a short time
he wakened raving with a fever on his
brain. He was shocking either to see or
hear.—“Judy! Judy! have ye no touch
of feeling? won’t you stay to help us nurse
him?”
says I to her, and she putting on
her shawl to go out of the house.—“I’m
frighted to see him,”
(says she) “and
wouldn’t, nor could’nt stay in it—and
what use?—he can’t last till the morning.”

With that she ran off.—There was none
but my shister and myself left near him of
all the many friends he had. The fever
came and went, and came and went, and
lasted five days, and the sixth he was
sensible for a few minutes, and said to
me, knowing me very well—“I’m in
burning pain all within side of me, Thady,” N2r 179
Thady,”
—I could not speak, but my
shister asked him, would he have this
thing or t’other to do him good?—“No,”
(says he) “nothing will do me good no
more”
—and he gave a terrible screech
with the torture he was in—then again a
minute’s ease—“brought to this by drink”
(says he)—“where are all the friends?—
where’s Judy?—Gone, hey?—Aye, Sir
Condy
has been a fool all his days”
—said
he, and there was the last word he spoke,
and died. He had but a very poor funeral,
after all.

If you want to know any more, I’m
not very well able to tell you; but my
lady Rackrent did not die as was expected
of her, but was only disfigured in
the face ever after by the fall and bruises
she got; and she and Jason, immediately
after my poor master’s death, set about N2 going N2v 180
going to law about that jointure; the
memorandum not being on stamped paper,
some say it is worth nothing, others
again it may do; others say, Jason won’t
have the lands at any rate—many wishes
it so—for my part, I’m tired wishing for
any thing in this world, after all I’ve seen
in it—but I’ll say nothing; it would be a
folly to be getting myself ill will in my
old age. Jason did not marry, nor think
of marrying Judy, as I prophesied, and I
am not sorry for it—who is?—As for all
I have here set down from memory and
hearsay of the family, there’s nothing but
truth in it from beginning to end, that
you may depend upon, for where’s the
use of telling lies about the things which
every body knows as well as I do?

The Editor could have readily made the N3r 181
the catastrophe of Sir Condy’s history more
dramatic and more pathetic, if he thought
it allowable to varnish the plain round
tale of faithful Thady. He lays it before
the English reader as a specimen of manners
and characters, which are perhaps
unknown in England. Indeed the domestic
habits of no nation in Europe were
less known to the English than those of
their sister country, till within these few
years.

Mr. Young’s picture of Ireland, in his
tour through that country, was the first
faithful portrait of its inhabitants. All
the features in the foregoing sketch were
taken from the life, and they are characteristic
of that mixture of quickness, simplicity,
cunning, carelessness, dissipation,
disinterestedness, shrewdness and blunder,
which in different forms, and with various N3v 182
various success, has been brought upon
the stage or delineated in novels.

It is a problem of difficult solution to
determine, whether an Union will hasten
or retard the amelioration of this country.
The few gentlemen of education who now
reside in this country will resort to England:
they are few, but they are in nothing
inferior to men of the same rank in
Great Britain. The best that can happen
will be the introduction of British manufacturers
in their places.

Did the Warwickshire militia, who
were chiefly artisans, teach the Irish to
drink beer, or did they learn from the
Irish to drink whiskey?

Erratum.

  • Page 162. For “by”—read to.

Printed by J. Crowder,
Warwick Square.

[Gap in transcription—library stampomitted]

Annotations

WWP note 1
WWP note

We have transcribed this note according to reading order. In the original document, the X is printed sideways and aligned center with “Judy” to its immediate left, “McQuirk ”to its right, “Her” above, and “Mark” beneath.

Go to WWP note 1 in context.

Textual note 1

The cloak, or mantle, as described by Thady,
is of high antiquity.—Spencer, in his View of
the State of Ireland,
proves that it is not, as some
have imagined, peculiarly derived from the Scythians,
but that “most nations of the world antiently
used the mantle; for the Jews used it, as
you may read of Elias’s mantle, &c.; the Chaldees
also used it, as you may read in Diodorus;
the Egyptians likewise used it, as you may read
in Herodotus, and may be gathered by the description
of Berenice, in the Greek Commentary
upon Callimachus; the Greeks also used it anciently,
as appeareth by Venus’s mantle lined
with stars, though afterwards they changed the
form thereof into their cloaks, called Pallia, as
some of the Irish also use: and the ancient Latins
and Romans used it, as you may read in Virgil,
who was a very great antiquary, that Evander,“ der
when Eneas came to him at his feast, did
entertain and feast him, sitting on the ground,
and lying on mantles; insomuch as he useth the
very word ‘mantile’ for a mantle,
‘―Humi mantilia sternunt.’
so that it seemeth that the mantle was a general
habit to most nations, and not proper to the Scythians
only.”

Spencer knew the convenience of the said mantle,
as housing, bedding, and cloathing.

IrenIrenæus. ‘Because the commodity doth not countervail
the discommodity; for the inconveniences
which thereby do arise, are much more many;
for it is a fit house for an outlaw, a meet bed
for a rebel, and an apt cloak for a thief.—First,
the outlaw being, for his many crimes and villanies,
banished from the towns and houses of
honest men, and wandering in waste places, far
from danger of law, maketh his mantle his house, “and
and under it covereth himself from the wrath of
Heaven, from the offence of the earth, and from
the sight of men. When it raineth, it is his penthouse;
when it bloweth, it is his tent; when it
freezeth, it is his tabernacle. In summer he can
wear it loose; in winter he can wrap it close;
at all times he can use it; never heavy, never
cumbersome. Likewise for a rebel it is as serviceable;
for in this war that he maketh (if at
least it deserve the name of war), when he still
flieth from his foe, and lurketh in the thick woods,
(this should be black bogs,) and straight passages
waiting for advantages; it is his bed, yea, and
almost his household-stuff.’”

Go to note 1 in context.

Textual note 2

These fairy-mounts are called ant-hills in England.
They are held in high reverence by the
common people in Ireland. A gentleman, who in
laying out his lawn had occasion to level one of these
hillocks, could not prevail upon any of his labourers
to begin the ominous work. He was obliged to take
a loy from one of their reluctant hands, and began
the attack himself. The labourers agreed, that
the vengeance of the fairies would fall upon the head
of the presumptuous mortal, who first disturbed
them in their retreat.

Go to note 2 in context.

Textual note 3

The Banshee is a species of aristocratic fairy,
who in the shape of a little hideous old woman has
been known to appear, and heard to sing in a mournful
supernatural voice under the windows of great
houses, to warn the family that some of them are
soon to die. In the last century every great family
in Ireland had a Banshee, who attended regularly,
but latterly their visits and songs have been discontinued.

3

Go to note 3 in context.

Textual note 4

“Childer”this is the manner in which many
of Thady’s rank, and others in Ireland, formerly
pronounced the word “children”.

Go to note 4 in context.

Textual note 5

“Middle men”.—There was a class of men termed
middle men in Ireland, who took large farms
on long leases from gentlemen of landed property,
and set the land again in small portions to the
poor, as under tenants, at exorbitant rents. The head-
landlord
, as he was called, seldom saw his under
tenants
, but if he could not get the middle man to
pay him his rent punctually, he went to the land, and
and drove the land for his rent
, that is to say, he
sent his steward or bailiff, or driver, to the land, to
seize the cattle, hay, corn, flax, oats, or potatoes,
belonging to the under-tenants, and proceeded to
sell those for his rent
; it sometimes happened that
these unfortunate tenants paid their rent twice over,
once to the middle man, and once to the head landlord.

The characteristics of a middle man were, servility
to his superiors, anyand tyranny towards his inferiors
—The poor detested this race of beings. In
speaking to them, however, they always used the
most abject language, and the most humble tone
and posture—“Please your honour,—and please your
honour’s honour,”
they knew must be repeated as a
charm at the beginning and end of every equivocating,
exculpatory, or supplicatory sentence—
and they were much more alert in doffing their caps
to these new men, than to those of what they call
“good old families”.—A witty carpenter once termed
these middle men “journeymen-gentlemen”.

Go to note 5 in context.

Textual note 6

This part of the history of the Rackrent family
can scarcely be thought credible; but in justice to
honest Thady, it is hoped the reader will recollect
the history of the celebrated Lady Cathcart’s conjugal
imprisonment.—The Editor was acquainted
with Colonel McGuire, Lady Cathcart’s husband;
he has lately seen and questioned the maid-servant
who lived with Colonel McGuire during the time of
Lady Cathcart’s imprisonment.—Her Ladyship was
locked up in her own house for many years; during
which period her husband was visited by the neighbouring
gentry, and it was his regular custom at dinner
to send his compliments to Lady Cathcart, informing
her that the company had the honor to drink her
ladyship’s health, and begging to know whether
there was any thing at table that she would like to
eat? the answer was always—“Lady Cathcart’s
compliments, and she has every thing she wants”

An instance of honesty in a poor Irishwoman deservesserves
to be recorded.—Lady Cathcart had some
remarkably fine diamonds, which she had concealed
from her husband, and which she was anxious to
get out of the house, lest he should discover them:
she had neither servant nor friend to whom she could
entrust them; but she had observed a poor beggar-
woman who used to come to the house—she spoke
to her from the window of the room in which she
was confined—the woman promised to do what she
desired, and Lady Cathcart threw a parcel, containing
the jewels, to her.—The poor woman carried
them to the person to whom they were directed;
and several years afterwards, when Lady Cathcart
recovered her liberty, she received her diamonds
safely.

At Colonel McGuire’s death, her ladyship was
released.—The Editor, within this year, saw the
gentleman who accompanied her to England after
her husband’s death.—When she first was told of his
his death, she imagined that the news was not true,
and that it was told only with an intention of deceiving
her.—At his death she had scarcely cloaths
sufficient to cover her; she wore a red wig, looked
scared, and her understanding seemed stupified;
she said that she scarcely knew one human creature
from another: her imprisonment lasted above twenty
years.—These circumstances may appear strange to
an English reader; but there is no danger in the
present times, that any individual should exercise
such tyranny as Colonel McGuire’s with impunity,
the power being now all in the hands of government,
and there being no possibility of obtaining
from Parliament an act of indemnity for any cruelties.

Go to note 6 in context.

Textual note 7

“White-headed boy”—is used by the Irish as an
expression of fondness.—It is upon a par with the
English term “crony”.—We are at a loss for the derivation
of this term.

Go to note 7 in context.

Textual note 8

“Boo! Boo!” an exclamation equivalent to “Pshaw!” or “Nonsense”.

Go to note 8 in context.

Textual note 9

“As made me cross myself”—The Roman Catholics.

Go to note 9 in context.

Textual note 10

“Pin” read “pen”it formerly was vulgarly pronounced
“pin” in Ireland.

Go to note 10 in context.

Textual note 11

“Her mark”—It was the custom in Ireland for
those who could not write, to make a cross to stand
for their signature, as was formerly the practice of
our English monarchs.—The Editor inserts the facsimilesimile
of an Irish mark, which may hereafter be valuable
to a judicious antiquary—
“Judy McQuirk
X Her Mark.”

In bonds or notes, signed in this manner, a witness
is requisite, as the name is frequently written
by him or her.

Go to note 11 in context.

Textual note 12

“Vows”—It has been maliciously and unjustly
hinted, that the lower classes of the people in Ireland
pay but little regard to oaths; yet it is certain
that some oaths or vows have great power over their
minds.—Sometimes they swear they will be revenged
on some of their neighbours; this is an oath they
never are known to break.—But what is infinitely
more extraordinary and unaccountable, they sometimes
make a vow against whiskey; these vows are
usually limited to a short time.—A woman who has
a drunken husband is most fortunate if she can prevail
upon him to go to the priest, and make a vow
against whiskey for a year, or a month, or a week,
or a day.

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Textual note 13

“Gossoon”a little boy—from the French word
“Garcon”.—In most Irish families there used to be a
bare-footed Gossoon, who was slave to the cook and the
the butler, and who in fact, without wages, did
all the hard work of the house.—Gossoons were
always employed as messengers.—The Editor has
known a gossoon to go on foot, without shoes or
stockings, fifty-one English miles between sun-rise
and sun-set.

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Textual note 14

This was actually done at an election in Ireland.

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Textual note 15

“To put him up”to put him in gaol.

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Textual note 16

“My little potatoes”Thady does not mean by this
expression that his potatoes were less than other
people’s, or less than the usual size—“little” is here
used only as an Italian diminutive, expressive of
fondness.

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Textual note 17

“Kith and kin”family or relations—“Kin” from
“kind”“Kith” from―we know not what.

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Textual note 18

Wigs were formerly used instead of brooms in
Ireland, for sweeping or dusting tables, stairs, &c.
The Editor doubted the fact, till he saw a labourer
of the old school sweep down a flight of stairs with
his wig; he afterwards put it on his head again
with the utmost composure, and said, “Oh, please
your honour, it’s never a bit the worse.”

It must be acknowledged that these men are not
in any danger of catching cold by taking off their
wigs occasionally, because they usually have fine
crops of hair growing under their wigs.—The wigs
are often yellow, and the hair which appears from
beneath them black; the wigs are usually too small,
and are raised up by the hair beneath, or by the
ears of the wearers.

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Textual note 19

This is the invariable pronunciation of the
lower Irish.

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Textual note 20

A wake in England is a meeting avowedly for
merriment—in Ireland, it is a nocturnal meeting
avowedly for the purpose of watching and bewailing
the dead; but in reality for gossipping and debauchery.

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Textual note 21

“Shebean-house”, a hedge alehouse.—“Shebean” properly
means weak small-bearsmall-beer, taplash.

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Textual note 22

At the coronation of one of our monarchs, the
king complained of the confusion which happened
in the procession—The great officer who presided
told his majesty, “That it should not be so next
time.”

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Textual note 23

“Kilt and smashed”—Our author is not here guilty
of an anticlimax.—The mere English reader,
from a similarity of sound between the words “kilt”
and “killed”, might be induced to suppose that their
meanings are similar, yet they are not by any means
in Ireland synonymous terms. Thus you may hear
a man exclaim—“I’m kilt and murdered!”—but
he frequently means only that he has received a
black eye, ot a slight contusion.—I’m kilt all overmeans that he is in a worse state than being simply kil
“kilt”—Thus—“I’m kilt with the cold”—is nothing to—
“I’m kilt all over with the rheumatism.”

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Textual note 24

“The room”the principal room in the house.

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Textual note 25

“Tester”Sixpence—from the French word “tete”,
a head. A piece of silver stamped with a head,
which in old French was called, “un testion”, and
which was about the value of an old English sixpence.
“Tester” is used in Shakespeare.

Go to note 25 in context.